LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Reproduction and Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System (Bull)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define reproduction and sexual reproduction. Explain the process of fertilization. Describe the role of gametes in reproduction. Define terms related to reproduction.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on reproduction importance. Exposition of fertilization process. Definition of terms like hatcheries, broodiness, incubation. Question and answer session.

Charts showing fertilization process. Student textbooks. Diagrams of reproductive cells.
Charts of bull reproductive system. Colored pencils for drawing. Real specimens if available. Textbooks.

KLB BK III Pg 1

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Female Reproductive System (Cow)
Pregnancy, Parturition and Birth
Reproductive System in Poultry
Breeding Stock Selection
Methods of Selecting Breeding Stock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of cow's reproductive system. Draw and label the reproductive system of a cow. Describe functions of ovaries and fallopian tubes. Explain the oestrous cycle and ovulation.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Drawing and labeling cow's reproductive system. Discussion on hormone roles (oestrogen, FSH). Explanation of 21-day cycle. Brief discussion on system functions.

Charts of cow reproductive system. Models if available. Drawing materials. Hormone function charts.
Gestation period charts. Pictures of animals at birth. Drawing materials. Chart showing proper presentation.
Charts of hen's reproductive system. Real eggs for dissection. Drawing materials. Magnifying glasses.
Pictures of different animal breeds. Breeding record books. Charts on selection criteria. Video clips of livestock.
Selection records. Breeding program examples. Charts showing selection methods. Textbook references.

KLB BK III Pgs 4-5

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding and Reasons for Breeding
Breeding Systems - Inbreeding
Breeding Systems - Outbreeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for breeding. Define terms related to breeding. Explain breeding objectives. Discuss genetic manipulation concepts.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Probing questions on breeding importance. Exposition of new concepts related to breeding. Discussion on breeding objectives. Brief discussion on genetic improvement.

Pictures of improved breeds. Breeding success stories. Charts on genetic improvement. Local breed examples.
Pedigree charts. Inbreeding examples. Family tree diagrams. Breeding outcome examples.
Breed comparison charts. Crossbreeding examples. Upgrading demonstration materials. Comparison charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 12-16

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Signs of Heat in Livestock
Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination
Embryo Transplant

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of heat in cattle, pigs and rabbits. Explain heat detection methods. Discuss optimal timing for mating. Compare heat periods in different species.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brainstorming on heat signs. Brief discussion on species differences. Video observation of animals in heat. Discussion with questioning.

Video clips of animals showing heat signs. Heat detection charts. Species comparison charts. Observation worksheets.
Pictures of breeding males. AI equipment models. Comparison charts. Artificial vagina demonstration models.
Embryo transfer demonstration materials. Technology requirement charts. Cost analysis sheets. Advanced breeding technology examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 19-20

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Parturition in Livestock
Routine Livestock Rearing Practices - Feeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of parturition in cows, sows and does. Describe normal birth process. Recognize emergency situations. Explain management during parturition.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brainstorming on parturition signs. Brief discussion on birth management. Discussion on emergency procedures. Written exercise on parturition.

Pictures of animals about to give birth. Parturition sign identification charts. Emergency procedure charts. Management protocol worksheets.
Chart showing feeding practices. Student textbooks. Feeding time tables. Pictures of young animals feeding.

KLB BK III Pgs 24-25

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Vaccination and Deworming
Hoof Trimming and Docking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of good vaccines. Give examples of common vaccines. Explain reasons for deworming and docking. Describe vaccination programs and deworming procedures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of vaccination concepts. Discussion on vaccine properties. Brainstorming on deworming importance. Brief discussion on parasite control.

Sample vaccines pictures. Sample dewormers pictures. Vaccination charts. Deworming equipment pictures.
Tools used in hoof trimming pictures. Docking equipment pictures. Charts showing procedures. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 32-36

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dipping, Spraying and Dusting
Breeding-related Practices
Identification of Livestock - Branding and Ear Tagging

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dipping, spraying and dusting. Identify equipment used for each method. Compare advantages of different methods. Explain proper application procedures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion with questioning on parasite control. Brief discussion on equipment types. Exposition of application methods. Question and answer session.

Cattle dip pictures. Spraying equipment pictures. Dusting equipment pictures. Parasite control charts.
Breeding practice charts. Wool shears pictures. Breeding ratio tables. Raddling demonstration materials.
Branding equipment pictures. Ear tagging tools pictures. Identification charts. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 38-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Identification Methods - Ear Notching and Tattooing
Debeaking, Tooth Clipping and Culling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe ear notching patterns and values. Explain tattooing procedures. Compare different identification methods. Discuss suitability for different animals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on notching patterns. Exposition of tattooing procedures. Comparison of identification methods. Brief discussion on method selection.

Ear notching charts. Tattooing equipment pictures. Method comparison tables. Animal suitability guides.
Debeaking tools pictures. Tooth clipping equipment. Culling criteria charts. Good vs poor producer comparisons.

KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dehorning Methods
Castration and Caponisation
Management During Parturition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dehorning. Identify methods of dehorning. Identify tools used for dehorning. Describe procedures for different methods.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Question and answer on dehorning importance. Brief discussion on safety considerations. Discussion on tool selection. Exposition of procedures.

Dehorning tools pictures. Method demonstration charts. Safety equipment pictures. Procedure step charts.
Castration tools pictures. Method comparison charts. Surgical equipment pictures. Hormone treatment information.
Parturition management charts. Species-specific guides. Preparation checklists. Management protocol sheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 47-48

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Keeping - Importance and Bee Colony
Types of Hives and Stocking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of bee keeping. Identify members of a bee colony. Describe the life cycle of a bee. State factors considered when siting an apiary.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on bee keeping benefits. Detailed discussion on bee types. Exposition of life cycle stages. Discussion on apiary location factors.

Different types of bees pictures. Life cycle charts. Apiary location guides. Bee colony structure diagrams.
Different hive types pictures. Stocking equipment pictures. Hive comparison charts. Procedure demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 56-60

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Management and Honey Harvesting
Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements
Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for feeding bees. Identify pests and diseases affecting bees. Cite reasons for swarming of bees. Describe honey harvesting process and equipment.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on bee feeding importance. Brief discussion on pest control. Exposition of swarming causes. Detailed discussion on harvesting procedures.

Bee feeding equipment pictures. Pest identification charts. Honey harvesting tools pictures. Processing equipment demonstrations.
Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.
Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 66-72

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures
Types of Construction Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.
Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks
Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of stones, concrete and mud blocks. Explain preparation of concrete blocks. State ratios for concrete mixture. Outline advantages of each material type.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of material preparation. Discussion on concrete ratios. Brief discussion on material properties. Demonstration using charts and samples.

Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.
Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Parts of a Building - Foundation
Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof
Livestock Structures - Crushes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State purpose of building foundation. Describe foundation establishment procedures. Explain factors affecting foundation depth. Identify materials used in foundation construction.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on foundation importance. Exposition of foundation establishment. Discussion on foundation requirements. Brief discussion on construction procedures.

Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.
Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.
Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips
Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of a plunge dip. State advantages and disadvantages of plunge dips. Describe construction materials needed. Explain maintenance requirements for dips.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of plunge dip components. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on construction materials. Question and answer on maintenance.

Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.
Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units
Livestock Structures - Calf Pens
Poultry Houses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of milking shed. Describe zero grazing unit components. State structural requirements for dairy facilities. Explain maintenance needs for dairy structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on dairy facility needs. Discussion on structural components. Exposition of maintenance requirements. Brief discussion on facility design.

Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.
Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.
Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105

FARM STRUCTURES

Piggery Units and Rabbitry
Fish Ponds and Bee Hives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of piggery unit. Describe structural requirements for pig housing. Explain rabbit housing systems. State construction materials for small livestock housing.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on pig housing components. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on rabbit housing systems. Question and answer on construction materials.

Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.
Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Farm Stores and Silos
Fences - Types and Construction
Wire Fences and Live Fences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State structural requirements for farm stores. Describe different types of storage structures. Explain construction of silos and Cyprus bins. State maintenance requirements for storage structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on storage structure needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on silo construction. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.
Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.
Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Green Houses and Nursery Structures
Meaning of Land Tenure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline requirements for green house construction. Describe types of nursery structures. State factors considered when siting nursery structures. Explain construction materials for crop structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on protected cultivation. Discussion on green house requirements. Exposition of nursery structure types. Brief discussion on construction materials.

Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.
Charts on land tenure concepts. Student textbooks. Land tenure system diagrams. Tenure security illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 130-138

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Collective Land Tenure System - Communal
Collective Land Tenure System - Co-operative and State
Individual Tenure System - Owner-operator

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of communal land tenure system. Describe characteristics of communal land ownership. Give examples of communities practicing communal tenure. Explain problems associated with communal systems.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on communal land ownership. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Exposition of communal system characteristics. Question and answer on system problems.

Examples of communal land systems. Advantage/disadvantage charts. Community examples (Maasai). Problem identification guides.
Co-operative land examples. State land system charts. Comparison tables. ADC farm examples.
Individual land ownership examples. Title deed samples. Production planning charts. Security benefit illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 142-144

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Individual Tenure System - Landlordism and Tenancy
Individual Tenure System - Concession/Company

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of landlordism and tenancy. Explain leasehold land tenure system. Describe tenant-landlord relationships. Discuss rent payment methods.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on landlord-tenant systems. Exposition of leasehold arrangements. Brief discussion on rental agreements. Question and answer on payment methods.

Lease agreement examples. Landlord-tenant relationship charts. Rent payment systems. Leasehold land examples.
Company land examples. Estate system charts. Plantation examples (Delmonte). Government agreement illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 144-147

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Fragmentation and Sub-division of Land
Effects of Fragmentation and Sub-division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define land fragmentation and sub-division. State factors contributing to fragmentation. Explain effects of fragmentation on agriculture. Describe inheritance processes.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on land fragmentation concepts. Exposition of fragmentation factors. Brief discussion on agricultural effects. Question and answer on inheritance.

Fragmentation examples. Factor identification charts. Agricultural impact illustrations. Inheritance process guides.
Fragmented land examples. Management problem charts. Development impact illustrations. Extension service challenges.

KLB BK III Pgs 147-152

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Land Reform - Meaning and Objectives
Land Consolidation
Land Adjudication and Registration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define land reform and its importance. Outline important objectives of land tenure reform. Explain land reform programmes. Describe integrated programmes for land control.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of land reform concepts. Discussion on reform objectives. Brief discussion on programme types. Question and answer on land control.

Land reform definition charts. Objective identification guides. Programme type illustrations. Land control examples.
Land consolidation examples. Process flow charts. Advantage identification guides. Consolidated farm illustrations.
Adjudication process charts. Title deed examples. Registration procedure guides. Farmer benefit illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Settlement and Resettlement
Soil Erosion - Introduction and Factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define settlement and resettlement concepts. Outline objectives of land redistribution. Explain development of settlement schemes in Kenya. Describe requirements for success of settlement schemes.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on settlement concepts. Discussion on redistribution objectives. Exposition of Kenyan settlement schemes. Brief discussion on success requirements.

Settlement scheme examples. Objective identification charts. Kenya settlement history. Success requirement guides.
Charts showing soil erosion factors. Pictures of eroded areas. Erosion type illustrations. Factor identification guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Splash and Sheet
Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Rill and Gully
Wind Erosion and Human Activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe raindrop/splash erosion process. Explain sheet erosion characteristics. Identify factors affecting splash erosion. State conditions favoring sheet erosion.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on raindrop impact effects. Exposition of splash erosion process. Brief discussion on sheet erosion. Demonstration using charts and diagrams.

Raindrop impact diagrams. Sheet erosion illustrations. Splash pattern charts. Erosion process demonstrations.
Rill erosion pictures. Gully formation diagrams. U and V-shaped gully illustrations. Channel erosion process charts.
Wind erosion pictures. Dust storm illustrations. Human activity impact charts. Erosion-prone area maps.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Effects of Soil Erosion
Riverbank Erosion and Solifluction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight effects of soil erosion on agriculture. State effects on water bodies and infrastructure. Explain loss of soil micro-organisms. Discuss economic impacts of erosion.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on erosion effects. Discussion on agricultural impacts. Exposition of infrastructure damage. Brief discussion on economic losses.

Erosion effect illustrations. Agricultural impact charts. Infrastructure damage pictures. Economic loss examples.
Riverbank erosion pictures. Solifluction diagrams. Control measure illustrations. Mass wasting factor charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Landslides and Mass Wasting
Methods of Soil and Water Conservation - Biological Control
Biological Control - Cropping Systems and Afforestation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of landslides (slump, debris slide, rock fall). State effects of mass wasting. Explain causes of landslides. Describe prevention measures for mass movements.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on landslide types. Discussion on mass wasting effects. Exposition of landslide causes. Brief discussion on prevention measures.

Landslide type illustrations. Mass wasting effect pictures. Cause identification charts. Prevention measure guides.
Conservation method charts. Grass strip illustrations. Contour farming pictures. Mulching demonstration materials.
Cropping system diagrams. Strip cropping illustrations. Tree conservation role charts. Afforestation benefit guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 178-183

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Physical/Structural Control Measures - Trash Lines and Bunds
Physical Control - Cut-off Drains and Terraces

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe trash lines and stone lines. Explain bund construction and uses. State advantages of structural measures. Identify suitable areas for physical control.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on trash line construction. Exposition of bund building. Brief discussion on structural advantages. Question and answer on suitable areas.

Trash line construction pictures. Bund construction diagrams. Structural measure illustrations. Area suitability guides.
Cut-off drain diagrams. Terrace type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 183-188

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Water Harvesting Methods
Weed Identification and Classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for conserving water. Outline methods of water harvesting. Describe construction of weirs, dams and ponds. Explain roof catchment and rock catchment systems.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on water conservation importance. Exposition of harvesting methods. Brief discussion on construction techniques. Question and answer on catchment systems.

Water harvesting method charts. Weir and dam construction diagrams. Roof catchment illustrations. Rock catchment system pictures.
Charts showing common weeds. Weed identification guides. Drawing materials for weed illustrations. Classification system charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 188-190

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Common Weeds in East Africa
Competitive Ability of Weeds
Harmful Effects of Weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify common weeds found in East Africa. State botanical and common names of major weeds. Describe characteristics of different weed species. Explain competitive ability of weeds.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on locally found weeds. Discussion on weed characteristics. Exposition of competitive ability factors. Question and answer on weed species.

Pictures of common East African weeds. Weed characteristic charts. Competitive ability factor guides. Local weed examples.
Weed propagation method charts. Environmental adaptation illustrations. Survival mechanism diagrams. Competitive factor identification guides.
Weed damage pictures. Crop quality comparison charts. Striga parasitism illustrations. Health effect information guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 200-202

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

More Harmful Effects and Benefits of Weeds
Chemical Weed Control - Introduction and Mode of Action

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State effects of weeds on irrigation and aquatic systems. Explain effects on pasture quality. Describe beneficial effects of weeds. Discuss weeds as sources of food and medicine.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on aquatic weed problems. Exposition of pasture effects. Brief discussion on weed benefits. Question and answer on food and medicinal uses.

Aquatic weed pictures (water hyacinth). Pasture quality comparison charts. Beneficial weed examples. Food and medicine use illustrations.
Weed control method charts. Herbicide action diagrams. Mode of action illustrations. Herbicide effect demonstrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 166-167

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Classification of Herbicides - Formulation and Application Time
Factors Affecting Selectivity and Effectiveness of Herbicides
Herbicide Combinations and Safety Precautions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify herbicides by formulation (liquids, wettable powders). Classify herbicides by time of application (pre-emergence, post-emergence). Explain advantages of different formulations. State when to apply different herbicide types.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on herbicide formulations. Exposition of application timing. Brief discussion on formulation advantages. Question and answer on application timing.

Herbicide formulation examples. Application timing charts. Formulation advantage guides. Timing recommendation tables.
Selectivity factor charts. Effectiveness factor guides. Plant characteristic illustrations. Environmental factor diagrams.
Herbicide combination charts for different crops. Safety precaution guides. Protective equipment illustrations. Safe handling procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 205-206

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Advantages and Disadvantages of Chemical Control
Mechanical Weed Control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of using herbicides. Identify disadvantages of chemical weed control. Compare chemical control with other methods. Discuss environmental concerns of herbicide use.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on herbicide advantages. Discussion on chemical control disadvantages. Exposition of method comparisons. Brief discussion on environmental effects.

Advantage/disadvantage comparison charts. Method comparison tables. Environmental effect illustrations. Chemical control evaluation guides.
Mechanical control tool pictures. Tillage advantage/disadvantage charts. Method comparison tables. Mechanical technique illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 208-209

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Cultural, Biological and Legislative Control
Definition and classification of crop pests
Field insect pests - biting and chewing
Field insect pests - piercing and sucking
Other field pests

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify cultural methods of weed control. Define biological weed control and give examples. Explain legislative methods of weed control. Describe noxious weed laws in Kenya.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on cultural control methods. Discussion on biological control examples. Exposition of legislative control. Brief discussion on noxious weed laws.

Cultural control method charts. Biological control examples. Legislative control illustrations. Noxious weed law information.
Pictures of various crop pests, charts showing pest classification and damage
Pictures of locusts, army worms, cutworms, bollworms, diagrams of insect mouth parts
Pictures of aphids, scales, thrips, mealy bugs, charts showing disease transmission table
Pictures of mite damage, nematode galls, rodents, bird pests, large animals affecting crops

KLB BK III Pgs 210-211

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Storage pests
Legislative and physical pest control methods
Cultural pest control methods
Chemical pest control
Biological pest control and crop disease introduction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify common storage pests affecting stored grain. Describe damage caused by storage pests including weevils and borers. Explain contamination problems caused by rodents. State effects of fungi on stored produce including aflatoxin production.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on storage problems. Examination of storage pest specimens and damaged grains. Brain storming on storage pest prevention.

Storage pest specimens, damaged grain samples, pictures of various storage pests
Government quarantine documents, thermometers, charts showing physical control methods
Charts showing crop rotation cycles, pictures of trap crops, resistant variety samples, clean seeds
Sample pesticide containers, charts showing pesticide classification, application equipment
Pictures of beneficial insects, predator-prey relationship charts, diseased plant samples

KLB BK III Pg 186-187

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Fungal diseases
Coffee berry disease and other fungal diseases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe characteristics of fungi as disease-causing agents. Classify parasitic fungi into main groups. Explain late blight disease of potatoes and tomatoes. Describe rust and smut diseases of cereals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of fungal characteristics and classification. Discussion on major fungal diseases. Examination of infected plant specimens.

Pictures of fungal structures, infected potato leaves, rusted plants, smut-infected crops
Pictures of infected coffee berries, charts showing disease cycle, fungal disease specimens

KLB BK III Pg 197-201

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Viral diseases
Bacterial diseases and nutritional disorders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe characteristics of viruses as obligate parasites. Identify symptoms of viral infections including chlorosis, mosaics, and rosetting. Explain viral disease transmission by insect vectors. Give examples of common viral diseases affecting crops.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of viral characteristics. Discussion on viral symptoms and transmission. Examination of virus-infected plant specimens.

Pictures of mosaic-infected plants, charts showing viral transmission, infected cassava and tobacco samples
Pictures of bacterial-infected plants, nutrient-deficient plants, charts showing various disease symptoms

KLB BK III Pg 203-204

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Cultural control of crop diseases
Chemical and legislative control of diseases
Introduction to livestock diseases and observable conditions
Terms used in livestock diseases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify cultural methods of disease control including field hygiene and clean planting materials. Explain proper spacing, heat treatment, and crop rotation for disease control. Describe use of disease-resistant varieties. State advantages of cultural disease control.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on cultural disease control methods. Discussion on hygiene importance and resistant varieties. Demonstration of proper spacing principles.

Charts showing cultural control methods, disease-resistant variety samples, clean farming tools
Fungicide samples, spraying equipment, government regulation documents, integrated management charts
Charts showing disease symptoms, thermometer, pictures of sick animals, disease organism diagrams
Charts showing immunity types, vaccine samples, timeline charts for incubation periods

KLB BK III Pg 206-207

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Classification and protozoan diseases - ECF and anaplasmosis
Protozoan diseases - coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis
Bacterial diseases - mastitis
Bacterial diseases - fowl typhoid and foot rot
Bacterial diseases - contagious abortion and scours

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify livestock diseases into four major groups. Describe East Coast Fever including animals affected and symptoms. Explain anaplasmosis (gall sickness) symptoms and transmission. State control measures for tick-borne diseases.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of disease classification. Discussion on protozoan diseases. Examination of tick specimens. Brain storming on tick control methods.

Disease classification charts, tick specimens, pictures of ECF symptoms, maps showing disease distribution
Pictures of coccidiosis symptoms, tsetse fly specimens, maps showing trypanosomiasis areas, drug samples
Pictures of mastitis symptoms, milk samples showing mastitis, milking equipment, antibiotic samples
Pictures of fowl typhoid symptoms, foot rot specimens, hoof trimming tools, foot bath chemicals
Charts showing brucellosis transmission, pictures of scours symptoms, vaccination schedules, hygiene materials

KLB BK III Pg 252-254

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - black quarter, anthrax and pneumonia
Viral diseases - rinderpest and foot and mouth disease
Viral diseases - Newcastle, fowl pox and Gumboro
Viral diseases - African swine fever
Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe black quarter symptoms and spore-forming bacteria. Explain anthrax as notifiable disease affecting all warm-blooded animals. Describe pneumonia in young animals and predisposing factors. State control measures including vaccination and proper disposal.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on acute bacterial diseases. Exposition of notifiable diseases. Brain storming on disease prevention. Case study of anthrax control.

Pictures of black quarter symptoms, anthrax control procedures, vaccination equipment, ventilation diagrams
Pictures of rinderpest symptoms, foot and mouth disease lesions, quarantine procedures, vaccination records
Pictures of Newcastle symptoms, fowl pox lesions, Gumboro symptoms, poultry vaccination equipment
Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment
Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 261-263