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SCHEME OF WORK
Geography
Form 4 2025
TERM III
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
MAP WORK.
Terms used & precautions observed when describing physical features & human activities.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify terms used to describe physical features & human activities represented in a map.
Outline precautions observed when describing physical features & human activities.


Oral questions & detailed discussion.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Geography
Book III
Pg 14-16
2 2
MAP WORK.
Physical features.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify physical features.
Brain storming on
features on topographical maps.
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 16-19
2 3
MAP WORK.
Physical features.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify physical features.
Brain storming on
features on topographical maps.
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 16-19
2 4
MAP WORK.
Relief features.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify relief features on a map.
Locating relief features;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 19-22
2 5
MAP WORK.
Land forms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify landforms on a topographical map using contours.
Identify types of vegetation on a topographical map.
Q/A & brief discussion;
Supervised practical activity.
Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 18-21
3 1
MAP WORK.
Watersheds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify watersheds on a map.
Locating watersheds;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 23-25
3 2
MAP WORK.
Vegetation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of vegetation.
Q/A & brief discussion: rolling, dissected, hilly landforms & valleys.
Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 25
3 3
MAP WORK.
Vegetation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of vegetation.
Q/A & brief discussion: rolling, dissected, hilly landforms & valleys.
Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 25
3 4
MAP WORK.
Vegetation cover.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Interpret vegetation cover in terms of amount of rainfall received in the area, and the types of soils in the area.
Locate forests, thickets, and riverine trees on a map.
Deduce amount of rainfall received and the likely types of soils in specific parts of an area.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 25
3 5
MAP WORK.
Drainage.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify natural /artificial hydrographic features in a map.
Make deductions from the hydrographic features evident on the drainage of a given section in a map.
Detailed discussion on drainage of sections in the map.

Deduce amount of rainfall received and nature of underground rocks, etc.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 27-30
4 1
MAP WORK.
Drainage patterns.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe drainage patterns of an area represented by a map.
Oral questions & brief discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 30
4 2
MAP WORK.
Drainage features.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify drainage features on a map.
Describe formation of drainage features.
Outline economic importance of drainage features.

Brief discussion & Q/A.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 30-31
4 3
MAP WORK.
Drainage features.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify drainage features on a map.
Describe formation of drainage features.
Outline economic importance of drainage features.

Brief discussion & Q/A.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 30-31
4 4
MAP WORK.
Human and economic activities: Crop farming, livestock rearing & Mining & fishing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify clues on a map that indicate presence of crop farming and livestock rearing.
Identify clues on a map that indicate presence of mining and fishing.
Q/A & practical activities.


Group activities.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 31-32
4 5
MAP WORK.
Manufacturing, Processing & Tourism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify clues on a map that indicate manufacturing, processing and tourism in an area.
Q/A & practical activities.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 32-33
5 1
MAP WORK.
Settlement and administration.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors influencing settlement.
Identify types of settlement patterns.
Identify symbols for administrative boundaries.
Exposition of new concepts.

Probing questions and discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 34
5 2
MAP WORK.
Transport & Communication.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modes of transport & communication of an area as depicted in a topographical map.
Practical activities.

Brief discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 35
5 3
MAP WORK.
Transport & Communication.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modes of transport & communication of an area as depicted in a topographical map.
Practical activities.

Brief discussion.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 35
5 4
MAP WORK.
Enlargement & Reduction of maps.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Enlarge / reduce a map or a section of a map using the square method.

Explanations & practical activities.

Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 39-40
5 5
MAP WORK.
Sections and profiles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term section as used in mapwork.
Explain importance of sections in interpreting maps.
Draw various types of sections and profiles.
Exposition & brief discussion.

Guided practical activities.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 41-44
6 1
MAP WORK.
Vertical Exaggeration (VE), Gradient & Intervisibility.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate VE of a map.
Determine the steepness of a slope between two given points.
Determine whether two points in a map are intervisible.
Guided calculations.
Guided practical activities.

Practical activity to determine intervisibility.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 45-47
6 2
MAP WORK.
Vertical Exaggeration (VE), Gradient & Intervisibility.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate VE of a map.
Determine the steepness of a slope between two given points.
Determine whether two points in a map are intervisible.
Guided calculations.
Guided practical activities.

Practical activity to determine intervisibility.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 45-47
6 3
MAP WORK.
Vertical Exaggeration (VE), Gradient & Intervisibility.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate VE of a map.
Determine the steepness of a slope between two given points.
Determine whether two points in a map are intervisible.
Guided calculations.
Guided practical activities.

Practical activity to determine intervisibility.


Topographical maps.
Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 45-47
6 4
POPULATION
Slow population growth rate.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors leading to slow population growth rate.
Highlight problems associated with slow population growth rate.
Q/A, brief discussion on effects of famine, epidemics, FP practices, emigration, etc.

Chart: demographic trends.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 175-6
6 5
POPULATION
Population growth in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing Kenya?s rapid population growth rate.
Examine actual population growth figures.
Discussion and questioning.

Chart: demographic trends.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 176-9
7 1
POPULATION
Population structure in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe structure of Kenya?s population.
Examine population pyramids;
Discuss observations.
Chart: demographic trends.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 178-9
7 2
POPULATION
Population structure in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe structure of Kenya?s population.
Examine population pyramids;
Discuss observations.
Chart: demographic trends.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 178-9
7 3
POPULATION
Population structure in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe structure of Kenya?s population.
Examine population pyramids;
Discuss observations.
Chart: demographic trends.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 178-9
7 4
POPULATION
Consequences of Kenya?s rapid population growth rate.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the socio-economic consequences of Kenya?s rapid population growth rate.
Probing questions, open discussion.
Population census results/ population fact file.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 180-3
7 5
POPULATION
Distribution of population in Sweden.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors influencing distribution of population in Sweden.
Highlight factors contributing to slow growth population rate in Sweden.
Discussion: comparative view on Kenya?s and Sweden?s populations.

Assignment.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 184-5
8 1
SETTLEMENT
Types of settlements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term settlement.
State types of settlements.


Probing questions; discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 186-7
8 2
SETTLEMENT
Location and patterns of settlements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing location and patterns of settlements.
Q/A & discussion on geographical, economical factors, cultural factors etc.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 187-191
8 3
SETTLEMENT
Location and patterns of settlements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing location and patterns of settlements.
Q/A & discussion on geographical, economical factors, cultural factors etc.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 187-191
8 4
SETTLEMENT
Patterns of settlement.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify various patterns of settlement.
Exposition & explanations on: nucleated, linear, dispersed and other complex settlement patterns.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 191-2
8 5
SETTLEMENT
Patterns of settlement.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify various patterns of settlement.
Exposition & explanations on: nucleated, linear, dispersed and other complex settlement patterns.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 191-2
9 1
SETTLEMENT
Major urban centres in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify categories of urban centres in East Africa; and give examples in each case.
Brief discussion giving specific examples.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 193-4
9 2
SETTLEMENT
Growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 195-6
9 3
SETTLEMENT
Growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 195-6
9 4
SETTLEMENT
Thika as an industrial centre. Kisumu as a lake port.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors favouring growth of Thika as an industrial centre.
Identify problems facing Thika as an industrial centre.

Outline factors favouring Kisumu as a lake port.
Identify problems facing Kisumu as a modern lake port.
Case studies.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 198-9
9 5
SETTLEMENT
Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors favouring
Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre.

Identify problems facing Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre.
Q/A;
Case study;
Assignment.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 200-1
10 1
SETTLEMENT
Nairobi City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the growth of Nairobi to city status.
Outline factors favouring growth of Nairobi.
Identify problems facing Nairobi as a city.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 201-4
10 2
SETTLEMENT
Nairobi City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the growth of Nairobi to city status.
Outline factors favouring growth of Nairobi.
Identify problems facing Nairobi as a city.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 201-4
10 3
SETTLEMENT
Nairobi City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the growth of Nairobi to city status.
Outline factors favouring growth of Nairobi.
Identify problems facing Nairobi as a city.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 201-4
10 4
SETTLEMENT
New York City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors influencing growth of New York city.
Identify problems facing New York City.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 204-7
10 5
SETTLEMENT
Mombasa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace history and growth of Mombasa.
Outline factors influencing growth of Mombasa.
Identify problems faced by Mombasa as a city.
Exposition, explanations and discussion.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 207-211
11 1
SETTLEMENT
Rotterdam.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors leading to growth of Rotterdam to an international port.
Exposition & explanations.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 211-2
11 2
SETTLEMENT
Rotterdam.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors leading to growth of Rotterdam to an international port.
Exposition & explanations.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 211-2
11 3
SETTLEMENT
Rotterdam.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors leading to growth of Rotterdam to an international port.
Exposition & explanations.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 211-2
11 4
SETTLEMENT
Effects of urbanization.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline effects of urbanization.
Brain storming;
Discussion.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

PG 212-5
11 5
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction. Environmental conservation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:






Define the terms environment, social environment, ecosystem, biodiversity, and environmental management.
Give reasons for conserving the environment






Probing questions, exposition of new concepts & explanations.
Newspaper illustrations
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 216-8
12 1
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Specific environmental hazards.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe some methods of combating floods, lightning, windstorms, pests and diseases.
Q/A, discussion, exposition of new concepts.
Newspaper illustrations
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 224-230
12 2
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Pollution.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe air pollution, water pollution and sound & land pollution.
Explain ways of combating pollution.
Examples of gases / activities leading to pollution;
Discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 230-235
12 3
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Pollution.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe air pollution, water pollution and sound & land pollution.
Explain ways of combating pollution.
Examples of gases / activities leading to pollution;
Discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 230-235
12 4
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Pollution.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe air pollution, water pollution and sound & land pollution.
Explain ways of combating pollution.
Examples of gases / activities leading to pollution;
Discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 230-235
12 5
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVA- TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Environmental conservation measures in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline measures carried out to manage and conserve the environment.
Q/A, brief discussion on public awareness, public education, legislation, the Water Act, and other Acts etc.
Newspaper illustrations
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 236-240

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