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Biology
Form 3 2025
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Principles of classification of living organisms...
Binomial Nomenclature.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the importance of classification of organisms.
Discuss the general principles of classification.
Identify major taxonomic units.
To define a species.
To explain features of a species.
To explain principles of binomial nomenclature.
Q/A: To review Classification I.

Discussion of principles of classification of organisms.

Q/A: Major taxonomic units.
Probing questions leading to definition of a species.
Give examples of breeds and varieties.
Discuss the double- naming system and the underlying features.
Chart- Taxonomic units.
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms.
KLB BK III.
PP 1-2. CERTIFICATE PG 1 
KLB BK III.P 2. CERTIFICATE PG 3
2 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Animal Kingdoms. Kingdom Monera.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the five animal kingdoms.

State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera.
To identify and draw various bacteria.
To explain how bacteria affect our lives.
Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms.
Drawing and labeling a bacterium.

Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria.
Chart- Types of bacteria
KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4
2 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Kingdom Protoctista.
Organisms with varied forms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista.
To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista.
To draw and label an amoeba, paramecium, spirogyra, e.t.c.
Teacher leads in a discussion.
Drawing and labelling organisms with varied forms.
chart
Wall charts.
KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8
2 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Organisms in pond water.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organisms in pond water.
Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed.
Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled.
Microscope
Water dropper
Pond water
Glass slides.
KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10
3 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Kingdom Fungi. Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
Diagrams of Fungi.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi.
To discuss economic importance of fungi.
To state general characteristics of fungi.

To draw and label various fungi.
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms.
Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi.
Mushrooms,
Yeast,
Bread mould.
Wall charts,
Bread mould,
Yeast,
Edible mushroom.
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12
3 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Kingdom Plantae. General characteristics.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants.
Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13
3 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of Bryophyta.
To draw and label external features of an identified Bryophyta.
To identify features of Bryophyta.
Teacher leads in a discussion. Students examine moss plant under a hand lens, then
Draw and label the moss plant.
Moss plant,
Hand lens,
Slide.
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 14
3 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Division Pteridophyta.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes.
To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes.
Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern.
To draw and label the fern.

A live or preserved fern.
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15
4 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Division Spermatophyta.
Features of Spermatophytes.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes.


To identify features of spermatophytes.
Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.
Class experiments: To examine a complete specimen of a bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.
text book
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.

KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16
4 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta.
Subdivision Angiospermaphyta.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of gymnospermatophyta.
To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta.
Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta.
text book
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16
4 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Monocotyledonae.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Monocotyledonae.
Class experiments: Examine maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Discuss external features of the plants.

Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
4 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Dicotyledonae.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Dicotyledonae.
Class experiments: Examine external features of bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
Discuss their external features.
Bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
5 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Kingdom Animalia.
Phyllum Arthropoda.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of kingdom Animalia.
To state general characteristics of Arthropoda.
Q/A: To review general characteristics of animals as compared to those of plants.
Q/A: General characteristics of Arthropoda.
text book
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 18
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 19
5 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Crustacea.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down external features of a crab/ crayfish.
Examine preserved specimens of a crab/ crayfish and identify external features.
Draw and label diagrams.
Discuss their general characteristics.
Specimens of a crab/ crayfish.
KLB BK III. P 13. CERTIFICATE PG 21
5 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Chilopoda.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a centipede.
Examine a centipede.
Draw and label a centipede.
Discuss general characteristics of Chilopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.
A centipede.
KLB BK III. P 14. CERTIFICATE PG 20
5 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Diplopoda.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede.
Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede.
Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.
A milipede.
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
6 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Arachnida.
Class Insecta.
Phyllum Chordata.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of mites, spiders, scorpions, ticks.
To describe external features of common insects.
To identify general characteristics of chordates.
Examine specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Q/A: Differences between arachnids and members of other classes.
Discuss general characteristics of Arachnida.

Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c.
List down general characteristics of insecta.
Discuss economic importance of insects.
Q/A: Identify classes of phylum chordata.
Discussion: characteristics of chordates.
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c.
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21
6 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Pisces.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label external features of a (tilapia) fish.
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts pertaining to characteristics of fish.
Chart tilapia fish.
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
6 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Amphibia.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog.
Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.
Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23
6 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Reptilia.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia.
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia.
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24
7 1-2
CLASSIFICATION II
Class Aves.
Class Mammalia.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of aves.
To state general characteristics of Mammalia.
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia.

Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc.
Chart- Diagrams of birds.


Diagrams of various mammals.
KLB BK III. P 19. CERTIFICATE PG 24
KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG  25
7 3
CLASSIFICATION II
Dichotomous key.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key.
Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
7 4
CLASSIFICATION II
Features for identifying animals / plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list identification features for animals/ plants.
Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.

KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27
7 5
CLASSIFICATION II
Examples of dichotomous keys.
Construction of dichotomous keys.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct dichotomous keys using leaves, stems, e.t.c.
To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps.
To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens.
To construct own dichotomous key.
Teacher leads through constructed dichotomous keys.
Supervised exercise.
Written exercise.
Exercise review.
Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.
Plants from different families.
Different plant species.
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG28
8

Mid term break

9 1-2
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Excretion and homeostasis in animals.
The mammalian skin.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify excretory organs in various animals.
Draw and label the structure of the mammalian skin.
To describe functions of parts of the mammalian skin.
Exposition and discussion.
Observe drawings of various animals showing excretory organs.
Specimens of platyhelmin-thes, annelida, insects.

Permanent slides of mammalian skin.

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 85
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 86-87
9 3
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
The lungs.
The kidneys structure.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of lungs as excretory organs.
To describe the external structure of kidney.
To describe the internal structure of the kidney.
Exposition and discussion.
Observe external features of a kidney.
Observe internal drawing and labeling of the kidney.
Chart/ model- Mammalian lungs.
Wall-Charts?internal organs of a kidney.
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 87
9 4
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
The nephron.
Urine formation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the nephron.
To explain formation of urine.
Discuss features of the nephron.
Draw structure of the nephron.
Label the diagram.
Detailed discussion.
Chart?Kidney nephron.
chart
9 5
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
The loop of Henle.
Kidney diseases and disorders.
The Liver.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of the loop of Henle; and how it?s adapted to its function.
To discuss the role of ADH in determination of concentration of urine.
To name kidney diseases and disorders and state methods of prevention and / treatment.
To draw and label a diagram of the liver.
Discussion and explanations.
Probing questions.
Drawing and labeling diagram of the liver.
Chart-
The nephron.
text book
Chart-Structure of the liver
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 91-92
10 1-2
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Deamination.
Other functions of the liver.
Liver disorders.
Homeostasis.
The feedback mechanism.
The hypothalamus.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of the liver in deamination.
To state and explain other functions of the liver.
To name and discuss kidney disorders.
To identify methods of preventing and treating these disorders.
To define the concepts of internal environment and homeostasis.
To differentiate between positive and negative feedback and state their roles in maintaining the desirable point.
To explain the role of hypothalamus in thermoregulation.
Probing questions.
Discussion
Exposition and discussion.
Schematic representation of feedbacks.
Exposition and discussion.
Exposition and detailed discussion.
text book
Chart-
Schematic diagram of feedback mechanism
text book
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 95
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 97-98
10 3
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
The skin and thermoregulation.
Blood vessels and their functions in thermo-regulation.
Homeostatic behavioral activities.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of the skin in thermoregulation.
To explain the adaptation of blood vessels and their function in thermo-regulation.
To state and explain various homeostatic behavioral activities.
Exposition and discussion.
Drawing schematic diagrams.
Discussion on control of body temperature.
Probing questions.
text book
text book,video
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98
10 4
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Osmoregulation.
Blood sugar.
Diabetes.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe water and salts balance in the body.
To discuss effects of insufficient/ excess sugar in the blood.
To explain regulation of blood sugar.
To distinguish diabetes mellitus from diabetes inspidus.
To identify simple symptoms of diabetes mellitus and diabetes inspidus.
Detailed discussion.
Probing questions.
Topic review.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 100-101
10 5
ECOLOGY
Concepts of ecology.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To differentiate between autecology and synecology.
Define various concepts used in ecology.

Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts and explains their underlying meanings.
text book
KLB BK III. P 33 CERTIFICATE PG36
11 1-2
ECOLOGY
Abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
Measuring abiotic factors.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms.
To measure abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms.
Detailed discussion of effect of light, temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, salinity, pH on distribution of organisms.
Group activities- Measuring temperature, humidity, pH.
Answering related questions.
text book
Thermometers
pH meter e.t.c.
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG38
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG39
11 3
ECOLOGY
Biotic inter-relationships. - Competition.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between intraspecific and interspecific competition.
To interpret graphs representing competition between two species.
To define an ecological niche and a habitat.
Teacher exposes new concepts.


Teacher leads in interpreting graphs showing competition.

Q/A: Deductions from graphs.
Chart , graphs.
KLB BK III. P 35. CERTIFICATE PG 50
11 4
ECOLOGY
- Predation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a predator and a prey.
To describe adaptive characteristics of various predators.
Q/A: Pairs of predators and preys.
Discussion: Adaptive characteristics of leopards, hawks, praying mantis, lions, e.t.c

text book
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 51
11 5
ECOLOGY
- Parasitism.
- Symbiosis and Saprophytism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To distinguish parasitism from predation.
To differentiate between endoparasites and ectoparasites.
To identify adaptive features of parasites.
To define symbiosis and saprophytism.
To explain economic importance of symbiosis and saprophytism.
Q/A: Pairs of parasites and hosts.
Examine specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites.
Discuss economic importance of parasites.
Detailed discussion.
Examples of symbiants and saprophytic organisms.
Specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites.
text book
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 53
12 1-2
ECOLOGY
The Nitrogen cycle.
Trophic levels.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the nitrogen cycle.
Explain importance of micro-organisms in root nodules of plants.



To identify various trophic levels occupied by organisms.
To describe energy flow in an ecosystem.
Discuss flow chart of nitrogen cycle.
Q/A: To review photosynthesis; carnivores, herbivores,
Discuss trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Chart-Nitrogen cycle.
Flow chart- Energy flow in an ecosystem.
KLB BK III. PP 40-41. CERTIFICATE PG58
KLB BK III. PP 40-42 CERTIFICATE PG 43
12 3
ECOLOGY
Food chains.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a food chain.
To give examples of food chains.
To identify trophic levels of organism(s) in a food chain.
Teacher gives an illustration of a food chain; then gives specific examples.
Q/A: Trophic levels of organisms in a food chain.

chart
KLB BK III. P 42. CERTIFICATE PG46
12 4
ECOLOGY
Food webs.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To interpret food webs.
Teacher illustrates a food web in a given habitat.
Emphasis is laid on direction of arrows.
Answer questions derived from food webs.
charts
KLB BK III. P 43. CERTIFICATE PG47

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