AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Introduction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To define the terms Economics and Agricultural Economics.

Probing questions and discussion.

text book

KLB
Page 141

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Basic economic principles.
Importance of Farm records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain basic concepts of economics.

Discussion at length on the following: scarcity and choice, opportunity cost, preference and choice.

text book
Specimen farm records.

KLB
Pages 141

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Types of farm records. Inventory and financial records.
Labor records and production records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe inventory records and financial records.

Probing questions and discussion.

Samples of records / charts.
Labour records and production records.

KLB
Page 143

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Livestock Production Records. Breeding records.
Feeding records. Health records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To identify components of animal breeding records.

Q/A: Components of breeding records.
Group work:
- Components of breeding records of a cow in tabular form.
-Components of breeding records of a sow.

Livestock breeding records.
Chart ? Sample of animal health record.

KLB
Page 145

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Livestock production records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state importance of keeping accurate livestock production records.
To identify necessary details of livestock production records.

Discussion: Milk production record/ egg production record.

Practical activity- Design milk production / egg production records.

Livestock production records.

KLB
Page 146

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Macro-nutrients. Nitrogen.
Phosphorus. Potassium.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



To identify plants macronutrients.
To classify macro-nutrients as fertilizers and liming elements.


To identify role of nitrogen in plants.
To state symptoms of nitrogen deficiency in plants

List down macro- elements.
Q/A: Definition of an ion; expose ionic form of elements.

Discuss, giving examples the role of nitrogen and the deficiency symptoms.

Yellowish-green / brown leaves.
Purple flowers.
Curled leaves,
Chlorotic leaves.

KLB BK II
1-2

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Magnesium. Calcium.
Sulphur. Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify role of magnesium in plants.
To state symptoms of magnesium deficiency in plants.
To identify role of calcium in plants.
To state symptoms of calcium deficiency in plants.

Discuss, giving examples the role of magnesium and the deficiency symptoms.

Discuss, giving examples the role of calcium and the deficiency symptoms.

Thin stems with reduced nodulation.
Tomatoes with blossom end rot.
crop leaves

KLB BK II Pgs 4-5

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Micro-nutrients.
Classification of Fertilizers. Straight and compound fertilizers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plants micronutrients and state their roles.
To identify deficiency symptoms of minor nutrients in plants.

Q/A: Compare micronutrients with macronutrients hence define a micronutrient.
Exposition: Teacher gives examples of micronutrients and exposes their roles and deficiency symptoms.

Chart: Macronutrients,
micronutrients,
their ionic forms and deficiency symptoms.
CAN
ASN
SA
DAP, MAP, Urea.

Pg 6

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Nitrogenous fertilizers.
Phosphatic fertilizers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.

Group experiments- Dissolving nitrogenous fertilizers in water.
Discussion: Other characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.
Giving examples of nitrogenous fertilizers.

(NH4)2 SO4
ASN
SSP
DSP
TSP

KLB BK II Pg 9-10

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Potassic fertilizers.
Fertilizer Application.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of potassium fertilizers.
To give examples of potassium fertilizers.

Group experiments: Solubility in water, litmus tests.
Discuss properties of KCl, K2SO4.

KCl
K2SO4

PKLB BK II g 11-12

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Fertilizer Rates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine % of nutrient(s) of a fertilizer.
To calculate fertilizer ratio.
To find the amount of fertilizer required per unit area (hectare).

Problem solving and explanations.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

chart

KLB BK II Pg 14-15

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Carbon cycle and Nitrogen cycle.
Soil Sampling.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain ways in which carbon / nitrogen is removed / returned to the atmosphere.

Assignment method / Group discussion.

Charts: Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle.
Charts: Transverse and ziz-zag soil sampling methods.

KLB BK II Pg 16-20

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Soil Testing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define soil testing.
To explain importance of soil testing.
To test soil pH.
To explain effect of soil pH on crops.

Q/A: Definition and importance of soil testing.
Q/A: Definition of pH in terms of acidity / alkalinity.
Class standard experiments: Determining soil pH.
Discussion: Optimum pH range for crops.

Litmus paper, indicators, pH colour chart.

KLB BK II Pg 22-24

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Seeds.
Vegetative materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To state advantages and disadvantages of using seeds as planting materials.

Teacher broadly classifies planting materials as either seeds or vegetative materials.
Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of using seeds compared to vegetative materials.

student book
vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 27-28

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Vegetative planting materials.
Selection of planting materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plant parts used for vegetative propagation.

Present various parts of vegetative planting materials i.e. bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.

Bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.
vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 28-34

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Preparation of planting materials.
Time of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain some methods used to prepare planting materials.

Detailed discussion on breaking seed dormancy, chemical treatment, seed dressing and seed inoculation, chitting / sprouting.

vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 35

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Broadcasting method of planting. Row planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify advantages and disadvantages of broadcasting method.

To state advantages and disadvantages of row planting.

Brief discussion.
Give examples of crops planted by broadcasting.

Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of row planting.

video

KLB BK II Pg 39-40

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Over-sowing and under-sowing.
Spacing of crops.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To distinguish over-sowing form under-sowing.

Brief discussion.
Give examples of such crops.

video
Chart: Average inter-row and intrarow spacing of common crops.

v Pg 40

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Plant population.
Seed rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine plant population in a given size of land.

Q/A: Inter-conversion of metric units.

Worked examples.

student book

KLB BK II Pg 42-43

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Depth of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain determinants of correct depth of planting.

Q/A & Detailed discussion.
Field activity: planting crops to the correct spacing.
Supervised field activities.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 43-44

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Establishing a nursery.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To differentiate between a nursery and a seedbed.

To explain the importance of a nursery in crop propagation.
To enumerate factors considered when siting a nursery.

Q/A and explanations.
Activity- Establishing a (vegetative) nursery / tea sleeves / sugarcane setts.

School farm.

KLB BK II Pg 46-48

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Nursery management practices.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify important nursery management practices and state their significance.

Q/A and explanations.
Expose new concepts e.g. hardening off.

School farm.

KLB BK II Pg 48-50

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Grafting.
Budding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




To define grafting.
To describe methods of grafting.

Teacher demonstration/ illustration of whip grafting, side grafting, bark grafting.
Out - door activity: Students practise grafting.

Grafting tools.
budding tools

KKLB BK II LB BK II
Pg 53-55

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Layering.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define layering.
To identify appropriate crops for layering.
To describe methods / types of layering.

Teacher demonstrations/ Illustrations/ Drawing diagrams.
Out-door activity: Carrying out layering.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 58-60

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Tissue culture for crop propagation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define tissue culture.
To describe the process of tissue culture.
To explain importance of tissue culture in crop propagation.

Teacher exposes new concepts.

Brief discussion on tissue culture.

Suitable crops.

KLB BK II Pg 60-63

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Transplanting crop seedlings.
Transplanting tree seedlings.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of transferring seedlings from the nursery to the field.
To explain management practices before, during and after transplanting crop seedlings.

Q/A, Explanations and brief discussion.
Activity: Transplanting crop seedlings.

Suitable crops.
Suitable seedlings.

KLB BK II Pg 61-62

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Crop rotation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To give the meaning of crop rotation.
To give examples of crop rotation cycles.

Q/A, brief illustrations of cycles of crop production.

Illustrative charts.

KLB BK II Pg 67

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Importance of crop rotation.
Mulching.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the importance of crop rotation.
To give examples of rotational programmes.

Brief discussion; with reference to rotational programmes.

Illustrative charts.
school farm

KLB BK II Pg 68-70

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Thinning, Gapping and Rouging.
Pruning.
Pruning tea.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain importance of thinning, gapping and rouging.

Brief discussion.

school farm
Secateurs, twigs, pruning saw, shears, e.t.c.
Tea bushes, fitos, pegs.

KLB BK IIPg 73

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Pruning coffee.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify specific aims of pruning coffee.
To describe various methods of pruning coffee.

Illustrative diagrams / Demonstrations on: single / multiple stem pruning, capping and de-suckering of coffee.
Probing questions and detailed discussion.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 80-84

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Training.
Weeds, crop pests and diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define training as a field practice.
To explain ways of training crops.

Expository approach: expose meaning of propping, trellising.
Q/A and discussion on importance of staking, earthing up.

school farm

PKLB BK II g 85-86

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Timing of harvesting.
Methods of harvesting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the stage and timing of harvesting of a crop.

Discussion on factors considered when timing harvesting.

education trip

KLB BK II Pg 88-89

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Post-harvest practices. Storage.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various post-harvest practices and their importance.
To give characteristics of a good grain store (traditional / modern).

Probing questions and detailed discussion.

video

KLB BK II Pg 90-94

CROP PRODUCTION V (VEGETABLES)

Tomatoes Ecological requirement and varieties.
Nursery and field management.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




To describe ecological requirements and varieties of tomatoes.
To identify tomato varieties.

Brief discussion and exposition.

tomatoes
school farm

KLB BK II Pg 96-100

CROP PRODUCTION V (VEGETABLES)

Tomato pests and diseases.
Cabbages Ecology and varieties.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify tomato pests and diseases and methods of their control.

Detailed discussion of tomato pests and their economic importance.

Tomatoes attacked by various pests and diseases.

KLB BK II Pg 104-106

CROP PRODUCTION V (VEGETABLES)

Cabbages Establishment and management.
Carrots Ecology and varieties. Establishment and management.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe nursery management practices.
To describe field management practices for proper cabbage growth.

Discuss importance of topdressing, weeding, controlling pests and diseases.

Cabbages attacked by some pests and diseases.
Carrots attacked by some pests and diseases.

KLB BK II Pg 107-9

CROP PRODUCTION V (VEGETABLES)

Onions Ecology and varieties.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe ecological requirements for onions.

Brief discussion and questioning.
Exposition.

KLB BK II Pg 111-3

CROP PRODUCTION V (VEGETABLES)
LIVESTOCK HEALTH I (introduction to livestock health)

Establishment and management.
Introduction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe nursery management practices.
To describe field management practices for proper onions growth.

Discuss important nursery and field practices.

Onions attacked by some pests and diseases.

LIVESTOCK HEALTH I (introduction to livestock health)

Signs of good health.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain signs that help to identify a healthy animal.

Discussion: Physical appearance, physiological body functions and morphological conditions of the animal body.

different animals

KLB BK II Pg 116-8

LIVESTOCK HEALTH I (introduction to livestock health)

Predisposing factors of animal diseases. Causes of animal diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify and explain predisposing factors of animal diseases.

To describe causes of animal diseases.

Q/A & Detailed discussion.


Detailed description of nutritional causes, physical causes and chemical causes.

charts

KLB BK II Pg 119-120

LIVESTOCK HEALTH I (introduction to livestock health)

Bacterial animal diseases.
Viral animal diseases. Protozoan diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify bacterial diseases of livestock.

Detailed discussion of bacterial diseases and their control.

Chart: Bacterial diseases, causal organism and animals affected.
Chart: Viral diseases, causal organism and animals affected.
Chart: protozoan diseases, causal organism and animals affected.

KLB BK II Pg 122-124

LIVESTOCK HEALTH I (introduction to livestock health)

Management of diseases.
Handling livestock.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain general methods of diseases control.

Q/A: Control of nutritional diseases.
Discussion: Importance of proper housing, isolation / slaughtering of sick animals, imposition of quarantine, prophylaxis, vaccination, vector control, e.t.c.

student book

KLB BK II Pg 125-8