People and Relationship
People and Relationships

Trans-Saharan slave trade
Trans Sahara slave Trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Outline effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa

-In groups or in pairs learners are guided to outline effects Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa
-Research on the effects of Trans-Sahara slave trade in Africa
-Desire to promote social justice in society

What are the effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa? -The learner is guided to discuss and research on effects Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Trans-Saharan slave trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify regions where slaves were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves where were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Desire to promote social justice in a society

The learner is guided to take turns in activities and conversation as they draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade

Why do people subject others to slave trade?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Observation

People and Relationships

Diversity and interpersonal skills
Diversity and Interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Explore social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

-The learner is guided to exhibit respect for fellow citizens as they discuss the social cultural diversities

How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of social cultural diversity and inclusion?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity ad interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe what are emotions
-Explore the impact of emotions on self and others
-Appreciate impact of emotions on self and others

-The learner is guided to describe what are emotions
-In groups learners are guided to explore the impact of emotions on self and others

What is the impact of emotions on self and others

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe various ways of improving one’s self-esteem
-Research on how to improve one’s self –esteem
-Appreciate the ways of improving one’s self-esteem

The learner is guided to describe various ways of improving one’s self esteem
-In groups they use prints material to ding out how to improve one’s self-esteem

How can we improve our self-esteem?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures

-Oral questions -written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and Interpersonal Skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment
-Manage peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment
-Appreciate ways of managing peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment

The learner is guided to practice inclusivity as they role play was of managing peer pressure

How can we manage peer pressure?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral question -Question written -Observation

People and Relationships

Diversity and Interpersonal Skills
Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identity risky behaviors associated with road usage
-Explore ways of managing risky behaviors associated with road usage
-Appreciate ways of managing risky behaviors associated with road usage

-The learner is guided to identify risky behaviors associated with road usage
-In groups learner is guided to explore ways of managing risky behaviors associated with road usage

How can one mange risky behavior associated with road usage?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions -Observation

People and Relationships

Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe healthy relationship that promote peace in the family
-Build healthy relationships to promote peace in the family

-The learner is guided to describe healthy relationships that promote peace in the family.
-The learner is guided to identify ways of building

How can one build healthy relationships to promote peace in the family?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written question -Observation

People and Relationships

Peaceful Conflict Resolution -Negotiation -Mediation -Arbitration
Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify ways of resolving conflicts in the family
-Apply peaceful ways of resolving conflict in the family
-Appreciate ways of resolving conflicts in the family
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

-The learner is guided to identify ways of resolving conflicts in the family
-In groups learners apply peaceful ways of resolving conflicts in the family while role playing healthy relationships to promote peace in the family

How can we resolve conflicts in the family?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Course
-Charts
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -written questions

People and Relationships

Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe importance of peace
-Compose poems on the importance of peace in the
family
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

-The learner is guided to describe importance of peace
-Learner is guided to display team spirit as they work in groups to compose poems on the importance of peace in the family and present in class

What is the importance of peace in the family?

-Course
-Pictures
-Realia
-Charts
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions -Observations

Community service learning

Community service learning project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify ways to determine the needs, gaps or needs in the community.
-Identify one problem they intend to solve for the group project
-Develop a title for the project
-Desire to learn more about community service learning project

-In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to identify ways to determine the gaps or need in the community
-In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to identify one problem they intend to solve for the group project.
-In groups or in pairs learners are guided to develop a title for the project

How does one determine some gaps land needs in their community?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Observation -Oral report

Community service learning

Community service learning project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify solutions to the identified problems
-Design solution to the identified problem
-Appreciate the need to offer solutions to the gaps or challenges in the community

-The learner is guided to search, discuss and agree on an appropriate solution or way and skills of addressing the identified problem and note down the recommended or proposed solution solution

How can we solve a problem in the community

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

Community service learning

Community service learning project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Discuss a plan for implementing the proposed solution
-Draw a plan for implementing the proposed solution
-Appreciate ways of solving an identified problem

In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to discuss a plan for implementing the proposed solution
-In groups or in pairs learners are guided to discuss and draw a plan for implementing the proposed solution

What should we do to complete a project successfully?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

Community service learning

Community service learning project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Draw a poster that contain guidelines on how to implement plan for solving the identified problem
-Suggest ways they can engage the community in the project
-Appreciate ways of solving an identified problem

In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to discuss how to implement plan for solving the identified problem in groups or in pairs,
-Learners are guided to draw a poster that contain gude lines on how to implement an action plan
-Learners are guided to suggest ways of engaging the community in the project

What should we do to complete a project successfully?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

Community service learning

Community service learning project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Discuss the importance of reporting or accounting on the concluded project
-Report or account on the concluded project
-Appreciate the need to offer solutions to the gaps in the community

-Learners are guided to discuss the importance of reporting or accounting on the concluded project
-Learner is guided to report on the concluded project and submit a summary account or report to the CSL teacher

What are the effects of the project to the community

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment.
Natural and Historic Built Environment

Map reading and interpretation.
Map reading and interpretation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of marginal information.
Identify the elements of a map.
Draw the map on learner's book 8 page 89
Appreciate the elements of a map.

Individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of marginal information.
Individually, learners are guided to identify the elements of a map.
Individually, learners are guided to draw the map on learner's book 8 page 89

What is a map?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 87-89
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 90-93

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Types and uses of scales on maps

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of scale in maps.
State the types of scales used on maps.
Study the scales on page 94 and match each scale to its name.
Appreciate the types of scales on maps.

Individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of scale in maps.
Individually, learners are guided to state the types of scales used on maps.
Individually, learners are guided to study the scales on page 94 and match each scale to its name.

What is a scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 93-95
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Converting a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Converting linear scale into representative fraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of converting statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Convert a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Appreciate the importance of direct statement scales.
Have fun and enjoy the calculations.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of converting statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to convert a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.

How do you statement scale to a representative fraction scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 95-96
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 96

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Convert representative fraction scale (RF) into linear scale.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of converting representative fraction scale into linear scale
Convert representative fraction scale into linear scale.
Enjoy the calculations.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of converting representative fraction scale into linear scale
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to convert representative fraction scale into linear scale.

How do you convert linear scale into representative fraction scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 98-99
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Determining distances and areas of places on a map using scales; Measuring distances on a topographical map
Determining distances and areas of places on a map using scales

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of measuring distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
Measure the distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
Have fun and enjoy measuring distances.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of measuring distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.

What is a topographical map?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 99-100
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 101-102

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Measuring along a curved line.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of measuring distances between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
Measure the distance between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
Appreciate the importance of topographical map.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of measuring distances between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.

Why do we use a string to measure a curved line?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 102-103
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Measuring along a curved line.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure to measure distances between different places on a map along curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
Measure the distance between different places on a map along a curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
Appreciate the use of a pair of dividers.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure to measure distances between different places on a map along curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance between different places on a map along a curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.

What is a curved line?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 104-105
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 105-106

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Calculating areas on a map using scales.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the formulae used to calculate the areas of rectangles, squares, triangle and circle.
Draw features with regular shapes.
Calculate the areas of rectangles, squares, triangles and circles.
Have fun and enjoy the work out.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the formulae used to calculate the areas of rectangles, squares, triangle and circle.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw features with regular shapes.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to calculate the areas of rectangles, squares, triangles and circles.

Which formulae can you use to calculate the areas of rectangles, squares, triangles and circle?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 106-107
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Calculating areas of irregular shapes.
Use of strips.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the formula of calculating the area of irregular shaped by use of rectangles and triangles method.
Calculate the area of irregular shapes by use of rectangles and triangles method.
Have fun and enjoy working out.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the formula of calculating the area of irregular shaped by use of rectangles and triangles method.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to calculate the area of irregular shapes by use of rectangles and triangles method.

Which features on maps have irregular shapes?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 108-109
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 109-110

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Use of grid squares.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Draw a grid square.
Outline the procedure of calculating space using the grid square method.
Calculate the area of an irregular shape using the grid square method.
Have fun and enjoy the grid square method.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw a grid square
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of calculating space using the grid square method
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to calculate the area of an irregular shape using the grid square method.

What is a grid square?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 110-112
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Methods of representing relief on topographical maps.
Drainage features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of "Relief" on maps.
Identify some relief features represented using different methods.
Draw some relief features found on maps.
Appreciate the use of relief features.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of "Relief" on maps.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify some relief features represented using different methods.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw some relief features found on maps.

What are relief features?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 112-114
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 114-116

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Interpreting physical features on a map.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of contours.
Fill in the blank spaces with the correct words.
Interpret physical features on a map.
Appreciate the use of physical features on a map.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of contours.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to fill in the blank spaces with the correct words.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to interpret physical features on a map.

What are contours?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 116-118
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Interpreting physical features on a map.
Weather and Climate: Factors influencing weather and climate in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify forms of lines use on relief on topographical maps.
Examine the economic activities carried out in an area on a map.
Appreciate the importance of economic activities.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify forms of lines use on relief on topographical maps.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to examine the economic activities carried out in an area on a map.

What are economic activities?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 119-120
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 121-122

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Distribution and characteristics of climatic regions in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the main climatic regions in Africa.
Draw the map of Africa.
Identify the countries where each climatic region covers.
Appreciate the importance of climatic regions.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the main climatic regions in Africa.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw the map of Africa.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the countries where each climatic region covers.

What is climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 123-124
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Equatorial Climate
Tropical climate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of equatorial.
Identify characteristics of equatorial climate.
Search in atlases for information about where equatorial climate is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the importance of equatorial climate.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of equatorial.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify characteristics of equatorial climate
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where equatorial climate is experienced in Africa.

What is equatorial climate? What are the characteristics of equatorial climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 124
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 125-126

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Desert climate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of desert climate.
List down the areas where climate region is experienced.
Search in atlases for information about where desert climate is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the use of maps.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of desert climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to list down the areas where climate region is experienced.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where desert climate is experienced in Africa.

What are the characteristics of semi-arid climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 126-129
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Mediterranean climate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of Mediterranean climate.
Search for pictures of Mediterranean climate on the Internet, atlases and relevant textbooks and articles.
Appreciate the use of maps.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of Mediterranean climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search for pictures of Mediterranean climate on the Internet, atlases and relevant textbooks and articles.

What are the characteristics of Mediterranean climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 129-131
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Causes and effects of climate change in the environment.
Possible solutions to the effects of climate change in the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the effects of climate change in the environment.
Identify the causes of climate change in the environment.
Categorise the factors as human factors or natural factors.
Have a desire to learn more about climate change.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to state the effects of climate change in the environment.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the causes of climate change in the environment.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to categorise the factors as human factors or natural factors.

What are the effects of climate change in the environment? What are the causes of climate change in the environment?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 131-136
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 136-139

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Vegetation in Africa: Factors influencing vegetation distribution in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify factors influencing vegetation distribution in Africa.
Name activities that oriole engage in that influence vegetation.
Classify vegetation as either shrub, tree, herb or vine.
Appreciate the importance of vegetation.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify factors influencing vegetation distribution in Africa.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to name activities that oriole engage in that influence vegetation.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to classify vegetation as either shrub, tree, herb or vine.

What activities do people engage in that influence vegetation? Which natural factors influence vegetation?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 141-144
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Characteristics of major vegetation regions in Africa: Tropical rainforest
Savanna vegetation (Tropical Grassland)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of modified tropical rainforest.
List the countries where tropical rainforest is experienced.
Search in atlases for information about where tropical rainforest is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the importance of tropical rainforest.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of modified tropical rainforest.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to list the countries where tropical rainforest is experienced.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where tropical rainforest is experienced in Africa.

What are the characteristics of tropical rainforest? Why is the floor of the tropical rainforest so dark and only few plants grow there?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 144-146
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 146-147

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Desert vegetation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of desert vegetation.
Name the animals found in desert vegetation.
Search in atlases for information about where desert vegetation is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the use of atlases.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of desert vegetation.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to name the animals found in desert vegetation.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where desert vegetation is experienced in Africa.

What type of animals are found in desert vegetation? How are the plants adopted to the vegetation zone?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 147-148
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Semi desert vegetation.
Mediterranean vegetation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of semi desert vegetation.
Identify the main plants found in semi desert vegetation.
Search in atlases for information about where semi desert vegetation is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the importance of semi desert vegetation.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of semi desert vegetation.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the main plants found in semi desert vegetation
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where semi desert vegetation is experienced in Africa.

What are the characteristics of semi desert vegetation? Which are the main plants in the vegetation?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 148-149
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 149-150

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Mangrove vegetation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of mangrove vegetation.
Name the main plants in mangrove vegetation.
Search in atlases for information about where mangrove vegetation is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the importance of mangrove vegetation.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of mangrove vegetation
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to name the main plants in mangrove vegetation.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where mangrove vegetation is experienced in Africa.

Which are the main plants in mangrove vegetation? What are the adaptations of mangrove trees to their environment?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 150
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Mountain vegetation.
Locating major vegetation regions of Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of mountain vegetation.
Explain the changes in vegetation on a mountain.
Draw the diagram on learner's book 8 page 151
Appreciate the importance of vegetation.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of mountain vegetation
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the changes in vegetation on a mountain
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw the diagram on learner's book 8 page 151

Why are there changes in vegetation on a mountain? Why do you think there is no vegetation in the mountain zone labelled Bare rocks?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 151-152
Pictures
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Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 152-154

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Methods of conserving vegetation in the community.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify methods of conserving vegetation in the community.
Give reasons why people conserve vegetation in the community.
Recite the poem on learner's book 8 page 157
Appreciate the improvements of conserving vegetation.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify methods of conserving vegetation in the community
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to give reasons why people conserve vegetation in the community
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to recite the poem on learner's book 8 page 157

What is the importance of vegetation? Which methods do you use to conserve vegetation?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 154-157
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Historical sites and Monuments in Africa: Locations of historical sites and monuments.
Importance of historical sites and monuments for preservation of cultural heritage.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of monuments.
Identify various historical sites and monuments.
Draw the map of Africa and identify the historical sites found on the map.
Appreciate the use of historical sites.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of monuments.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify various historical sites and monuments.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw the map of Africa and identify the historical sites found on the map.

What is a monument?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 159-160
Pictures
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Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 160-163

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Ways of conserving historical sites and monuments in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify ways of conserving historical sites and monuments in Africa.
List activities that can be done to preserve historical sites and monuments.
Create posters on ways of conserving the historical sites.
Appreciate the ways of conserving historical sites and monuments in Africa.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify ways of conserving historical sites and monuments in Africa
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to list activities that can be done to preserve historical sites and monuments
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to create posters on ways of conserving the historical sites

What are the challenges threatening the existence of Fort Jesus? What are some activities that can be done to preserve historical sites and monuments?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 164-165
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation