People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Locating selected African communities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Locate on a map of Africa the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of the selected African communities

- Learners to draw a map of Africa and indicate the areas settled by the selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Use print or digital devices to research on the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Locate the selected African communities on a map of Africa
- Present their maps to the class

Where were the Ogiek, Zulu, and Asante communities located in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Maps
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Project work - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Comparing socio-economic organisations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Compare the socio-economic organisations of the selected African communities up to 1900
- Debate on differences and similarities in socio-economic organisation of the selected communities
- Desire to apply effective communication to promote positive social interactions

- Learners to debate on the differences and similarities in socio-economic organisation of the selected African communities up to 1900
- Create a comparison chart showing similarities and differences in socio-economic organisation
- Interact with learners from other communities and share on socio-economic organisation in the locality
- Present their findings to the class

How can we promote positive interactions among communities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 30
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Debate assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Cultural practices
Origin of Money - Comparison between barter trade and currency trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Discuss the cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Appreciate the cultural diversity of selected African communities

- Learners to research on cultural practices of the Ogiek, Zulu and Asante communities
- Create a chart showing the cultural practices of each community
- Present their findings to the class
- Discuss the importance of preserving cultural practices
- Role play some of the cultural practices of the selected communities

Why is it important to preserve cultural practices of different communities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 31
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
- Currency samples/images

- Observation - Oral questions - Role play assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Role-playing barter and currency trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate understanding of barter and currency trade through role play
- Identify advantages and challenges of both trade systems
- Value the significance of currency in modern trade

- Learners to divide into groups
- Role-play on barter trade and currency trade in an African village market
- Take turns to role-play in class with other groups providing constructive criticism
- Write down key points learned from the role-play
- Discuss the advantages and challenges of both trade systems

What are the practical differences between barter and currency trade?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 32
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Props for role play

- Observation - Performance assessment - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Factors that led to introduction of money in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Examine the transformation brought by introduction of money in Africa
- Explain factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Recognize the importance of money in trade development

- Learners to study images showing factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Discuss how these factors led to introduction of money
- Read a conversation between a resource person and Grade 7 learners on factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Identify the factors from the conversation
- Research on other factors that led to introduction of money in Africa

What factors necessitated the introduction of money in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 33
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Impact of introduction of money in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Analyze the impact of introduction of money in Africa
- Debate on positive and negative effects of introduction of money
- Appreciate the role of money in economic development

- Learners to read a magazine cutout on the transformative impact of money in Africa
- Identify transformations brought by introduction of money
- Discuss what made barter trade difficult and how money solved trading problems
- Identify statements highlighting the impact of money introduction in Africa
- Discuss other transformations brought by money

How did the introduction of money affect African societies?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 34
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Factors determining human diversity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define human diversity
- Identify factors that determine human diversity in society
- Appreciate human diversity in society

- Learners to use a dictionary or reference material to find out the meaning of human diversity
- Discuss how human diversity influences relationships among people
- Study a picture and identify human diversities shown
- Research factors that determine human diversity in society
- Complete a personal journal identifying personal characteristics

How do varied personalities shape society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 40
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Dictionary

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Interpersonal skills
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Desirable and undesirable personality attributes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions
- Analyze life skills that promote healthy relationships
- Value interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions

- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions in a multicultural society
- Use digital devices or print media to read about negotiation skills and other interpersonal skills
- Create a table categorizing skills that enhance or hinder healthy interactions
- Make a poster displaying interpersonal skills with brief descriptions

Why is respect and appreciation of diversity crucial for social cohesion?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 41
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 42

- Observation - Oral questions - Project work

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Benefits of healthy relationships

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Compose a poem on the importance of healthy relationships
- Appreciate the importance of building healthy relationships

- Learners to research the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Read a placard designed by a Grade 7 learner about healthy relationships
- Read a dialogue between students discussing the importance of healthy relationships
- Compose a poem on the importance of building healthy relationships
- Inquire from parents/guardians on importance of building healthy relationships

What are the benefits of healthy relationships in a multicultural society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 44
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Creative writing assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Promoting inclusion and diversity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Discuss ways to promote inclusion and diversity
- Create messages that promote inclusion and diversity
- Show respect for diversity in society

- Learners to sing a song about interpersonal skills and cultural harmony
- Recite a poem on respect and diversity
- Discuss ways to show inclusion and respect to people who are different
- Create posters with messages promoting inclusion and diversity
- Compose poems or songs celebrating diversity

How can we promote inclusion and respect for diversity in our society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 45
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Creative work assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Qualities of a peaceful person

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify qualities of a peaceful person in the community
- Discuss qualities of a peaceful person
- Value the importance of being a peaceful person

- Learners to use relevant reference materials or digital devices to search on qualities of a peaceful person
- Outline qualities of a peaceful person in the community
- Read flashcards with qualities of a peaceful person
- Read a conversation about qualities of a peaceful person
- Inquire from parents/guardians on qualities of a peaceful person

What qualities make someone a peaceful person?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 53
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Flashcards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Factors promoting peaceful coexistence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Show commitment to promoting peaceful coexistence

- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Take notes from what the resource person says
- Read factors that promote peaceful coexistence written on a chalkboard
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Create a chart showing factors that promote peaceful coexistence

How can we promote peace for mutual social well-being?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 54
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Peaceful conflict resolution process
Peace and conflict resolution - Resolving conflicts in everyday situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify steps in peaceful conflict resolution process
- Apply steps in peaceful conflict resolution in day-to-day life
- Value the importance of peaceful conflict resolution

- Learners to study a chart showing peaceful conflict resolution process
- Write down the steps of peaceful conflict resolution process
- Research more about peaceful conflict resolution process
- Create a chart on peaceful conflict resolution process
- Role-play conflict resolution scenarios

How can I manage stress and emotion to promote inner peace?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 55
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 56

- Observation - Role play assessment - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Importance of peaceful coexistence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Debate on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Appreciate the value of peaceful coexistence

- Learners to recite a poem on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Identify the importance of peaceful coexistence from the poem
- Explain other importance of peaceful coexistence in the community
- Organize a debate on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Write points and share with classmates

Why is peaceful coexistence important in our society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 57
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Managing stress and emotions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify ways to manage stress and emotions
- Demonstrate techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Value the importance of emotional management for inner peace

- Learners to discuss various sources of stress and emotional challenges
- Research techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and positive self-talk
- Create a personal stress management plan
- Share effective strategies with classmates

How can stress and emotions be managed to promote inner peace?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 58
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Key terms used in community service learning
Community Service Learning Project - Community Services
Community Service Learning Project - Case Study of Community Service Learning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the meaning of key terms in community service learning
- Identify examples of community service learning activities
- Show interest in community service learning

- Brainstorm on the meaning of the terms: community, community services, community service learning (CSL), project, problem, solution, plan of activity, implementation, written report of a project
- Write down findings in exercise books
- Share findings with the rest of the class

How can community service learning contribute to community development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 59
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 60
- Pictures showing community services
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 61-62
- Case study material

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Meaning of key terms in CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Importance of CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define key terms used in CSL
- Explain the relationship between different CSL terms
- Show interest in learning CSL terminology

- Read and discuss the meanings of key terms in CSL:
- Community
- Community service
- Project
- Problem
- Solution
- Plan of activity
- Implementation
- Written report of a project
- Create a concept map showing the relationship between the terms

How can community service learning contribute to community development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 62-63
- Manila papers
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Marker pens

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to self
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to the community
Community Service Learning Project - Steps of a CSL project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify benefits of CSL to self
- Explain how CSL enhances personal development
- Value the role of CSL in personal growth

- Discuss key benefits of CSL to self including:
- Increased understanding of class topics
- Gaining hands-on experience
- Opportunity to act on values and beliefs
- Development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills
- Boosting self-esteem and social competency
- Create a mind map showing the benefits

How does CSL contribute to personal development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Manila papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Problem identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify a problem in school that requires to be solved outside the classroom
- Apply the steps of CSL in planning to solve the problem
- Show interest in solving problems in the school environment

- Mention a problem in school that requires to be solved outside the classroom
- Using the steps identified in the previous activity, write down how to solve the problem
- Make presentations to the rest of the class
- Note the key points from peers

How can we identify appropriate problems for CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Problem solving through CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Analyze a given scenario about a problem
- Develop strategies to address the problem through CSL
- Appreciate the role of CSL in problem solving

- Read the scenario about Grade Seven learners from Malkia School whose classrooms were destroyed by strong winds
- Fill in a table on how they were going to deal with the situation (Problem, Plan of solving the problem, Possible solutions, Implementing the solutions, Reflection on the project)
- From the activity, write down the possible steps of carrying out a CSL
- Take turns to make presentations

How can CSL help in solving real-life problems?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Group work - Presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Steps of CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Identifying problems for CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the five main steps of CSL
- Explain the importance of each step
- Value the systematic approach to CSL projects

- Discuss the five main steps of CSL:
1. Identifying and verifying a problem, gap or opportunity
2. Proper planning on how to solve the problem
3. Designing a solution or solutions to the problem
4. Implementing the solution or filling the gap
5. Reflecting and reporting on the project or activity done
- Create a visual representation of the steps

Why is it important to follow systematic steps in CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- School environment
- Notebooks

- Observation - Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Planning for a CSL project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Develop a plan for addressing the identified problem
- Outline resources needed for the CSL project
- Value the importance of proper planning in CSL

- In groups, develop a detailed plan for addressing the problem identified in the previous lesson
- Include timeline, resources needed, responsibilities, and expected outcomes
- Present the plans to the class
- Select the most feasible plan for implementation

Why is planning important in CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Group presentations - Peer assessment - Written plans

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Designing solutions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Design creative solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate the feasibility of different solutions
- Show creativity in developing solutions

- In groups, design at least three possible solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate each solution based on effectiveness, resources required, and sustainability
- Select the most appropriate solution
- Present the solution to the class for feedback

How can we design effective solutions for CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Solution designs - Group presentations - Peer assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Implementation planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Develop an implementation plan for the CSL project
- Assign roles and responsibilities
- Show commitment to successful project implementation

- Develop a detailed implementation plan including:
- Specific tasks to be done
- Timeline for each task
- Resources needed
- Persons responsible
- Success indicators
- Create a visual representation of the implementation plan

How should implementation of CSL projects be organized?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Implementation plans - Group presentations - Peer assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Project implementation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Implement the designed solution to address the identified problem
- Apply teamwork skills during implementation
- Show responsibility in executing assigned tasks

- Using the necessary steps, work out to solve the problem as a group
- Implement the solution according to the plan
- Document the implementation process through photos, videos, or notes
- Follow teacher guidance especially if the project requires more time and resources

What challenges might arise during CSL project implementation?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Materials needed for implementation
- Digital cameras/phones
- Notebooks

- Observation - Implementation documentation - Group participation - Teacher assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Problem analysis
Community Service Learning Project - Outreach planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Analyze problems related to the CSL project
- Develop strategies to overcome implementation challenges
- Show resilience in addressing project difficulties

- Look at pictures showing different problems in the community
- Discuss the problems shown in the pictures
- Using the correct steps, write down how to solve the identified problems
- Take turns to make presentations to the rest of the class

How can we overcome challenges during CSL project implementation?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Pictures showing community problems
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Planning templates

- Observation - Problem analysis - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Reflection and reporting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Reflect on the CSL project experience
- Write a comprehensive report on the CSL project
- Appreciate the learning gained through the CSL process

- Write a reflection on the CSL project addressing:
- What was learned
- Challenges encountered and how they were solved
- Impact of the project on the community
- Personal growth from the experience
- Write a report after carrying out the project
- Share the report with the rest of the class

Why is reflection important in CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Report templates

- Observation - Reflection papers - Project reports - Presentations

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Key learning points

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Summarize key learning points from the CSL project
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the CSL project
- Value the importance of CSL in personal and community development

- Discuss key learning points from the CSL project including:
- Importance of following steps
- Being guided by the teacher
- Consulting when unsure
- Working as a team for better results
- Reflecting on the whole exercise
- Assessing the effectiveness of the CSL through feedback
- Create a poster summarizing the learnings

How can CSL projects be improved in the future?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Oral discussions - Summary posters - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Sources of historical information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify various sources of historical information in society
- Categorize different sources of historical information
- Appreciate the importance of preserving historical information

- Match pictures in column A with their correct description in column B
- Identify sources of historical information they know about
- Discuss other sources of historical information
- Share findings with the rest of the class

How significant are sources of historical information in understanding past human accounts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Pictures of historical sources
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Classification of sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify sources of historical information
- Examine the importance of different historical sources
- Value the role of historical sources in preserving information

- Use digital or print resources to search for different sources of historical information
- Complete a table classifying sources as written, electronic, or unwritten sources
- Discuss the various sources of historical information listed in the table
- Present findings to the rest of the class

How significant are sources of historical information in understanding past human accounts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
- Digital resources
- Print media

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Primary and secondary sources
Historical Information - Preservation of historical sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Distinguish between primary and secondary sources of historical information
- Provide examples of primary and secondary sources
- Show interest in preserving historical information

- Research the meaning of primary and secondary sources of historical information
- Discuss the difference between primary and secondary sources
- Classify examples as either primary or secondary sources
- Create posters showing different types of historical sources

How can we differentiate between primary and secondary sources of historical information?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Areas of early agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Locate areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Explain the spread of agriculture in Africa
- Appreciate the importance of early agriculture

- Visit a school library or use internet to research on areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Make a list of areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Study a map showing where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Draw the map in notebooks and indicate the location of areas where early agriculture was practiced

Why did people start practicing agriculture in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70-71
- Map of Africa
- Digital resources
- Atlas

- Observation - Map work - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Crops and animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify crops grown during early agriculture in Africa
- Identify animals kept during early agriculture in Africa
- Value the contribution of early agriculture to development

- Observe pictures showing crops that were grown during early agriculture
- Name the crops shown in the pictures
- Identify crops that were grown in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley
- Observe pictures showing animals that were kept during early agriculture
- Identify animals that were kept in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley

How did agriculture begin in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71-73
- Pictures of crops and animals
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Factors favoring agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explore factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals in Africa
- Compare agricultural practices in different regions
- Show interest in agricultural development

- Use digital or print resources to research on the factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals
- Write down summary points
- Discuss factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley
- Create a chart comparing agricultural factors in different regions

What factors led to the development of agriculture in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 73-74
- Digital resources
- Print media

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Contribution of Nile Valley

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Assess the contribution of the Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Explain the significance of Nile Valley agriculture
- Appreciate the importance of agriculture to civilization

- Study a poster on contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Identify the contributions of Nile Valley agriculture
- Discuss how Nile Valley agriculture contributed to modern-day agriculture
- Research other contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization

How did Nile Valley agriculture contribute to world civilization?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74-75
- Digital resources
- Print media

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Position of Africa
Maps and map work - Latitudes and longitudes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the position, shape, and size of Africa
- Locate Africa on a world map
- Appreciate Africa's unique geographical features

- Brainstorm on what a map, region, and continent are
- Research the position, shape, and size of Africa
- Study a world map and identify continents neighboring Africa
- Name oceans surrounding Africa
- Compare the size of Africa with other continents
- Discuss the shape of Africa

How are maps used?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 77-78
- World map
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 78-80
- Maps with grid coordinates

- Observation - Oral questions - Map work

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Locating places using coordinates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Locate places and features on a map using latitudes and longitudes
- Interpret map coordinates
- Show interest in using coordinates for location

- Study a map showing coordinates
- Practice locating points labeled on the map using latitudes and longitudes
- Write down the coordinates for different locations
- Use an atlas to locate countries and features using latitudes and longitudes

How are maps used to locate places accurately?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80-81
- Maps with coordinates
- Atlas
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Calculating time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain why time differs in various locations
- Calculate time differences using longitudes
- Develop critical thinking skills through time calculations

- Read information about time differences and longitude
- Learn that the earth takes 24 hours to make one complete rotation of 360°
- Calculate that 1° equals 4 minutes of time
- Practice time calculations for different locations
- Solve time calculation problems

Why is time different in various locations?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81-82
- Maps showing time zones
- Digital resources

- Observation - Calculation exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Time calculations practice

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Calculate time differences between locations
- Apply formulas for time calculation
- Value the importance of time calculations for global interactions

- Practice calculating local time when given reference locations
- Solve problems like: "What is the local time at Kinshasa 15°E when the local time at Malindi 40°E is 12.00 noon?"
- Apply the rule that locations east gain time, while locations west lose time
- Share calculations with the class

How do longitude differences affect time?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82-83
- Maps showing longitudes
- Atlas
- Digital resources

- Observation - Calculation exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - African features

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify positive features associated with Africa
- Explain the benefits of features found in Africa
- Appreciate Africa's unique geographic features

- Research positive features associated with Africa
- Find out the benefits of the features found in Africa
- Read articles about features like the Great Rift Valley and Lake Victoria
- Discuss and write down findings
- Present findings to the class

What unique geographical features does Africa have?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83-84
- Pictures of African features
- Atlas
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Appreciation of African features
Earth and the Solar System - Origin of Earth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Express appreciation for African geographical features
- Create artistic presentations about African features
- Show pride in Africa's geographical identity

- Compose poems about positive features associated with Africa
- Present poems to classmates
- Collaborate to compose a class poem on the positive features associated with Africa
- Present the poem during school assembly or events

How can we promote awareness of Africa's geographical features?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 84
- Pictures of African features
- Creative writing materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85-86
- Pictures of the solar system

- Observation - Poetry assessment - Presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Earth characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explore the size, shape, and position of earth in the solar system
- Compare earth with other planets
- Value earth as the home of humankind

- Research the size, shape, and position of the earth in the solar system
- Compare earth's size with other planets
- Study diagrams showing earth's measurements
- Discuss the shape of earth (geoid or oblate spheroid)
- Locate earth's position in the solar system

What makes Earth unique in the solar system?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 87-88
- Diagrams of the solar system
- Pictures of planets
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Rotation and revolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Differentiate between rotation and revolution of the earth
- Explain effects of rotation and revolution on human activities
- Appreciate how earth's movements affect daily life

- Research the meaning of rotation and revolution of the earth
- Discuss the differences between rotation and revolution
- Identify effects of rotation of the earth from placards
- Research other effects of rotation of the earth
- Write a poem on the effects of rotation

How do Earth's movements affect human activities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 88-89
- Diagrams showing rotation and revolution
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Internal structure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Illustrate the internal structure of the earth
- Identify the layers of earth's structure
- Show interest in earth's composition

- Research how the layers of the internal structure of the earth are arranged
- Study a diagram showing the internal structure of earth
- Name the layers of earth's structure (crust, mantle, core)
- Draw the internal structure of the earth
- Label all the parts
- Display diagrams in the class learning corner

What is inside the Earth?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
- Diagrams of earth's structure
- Digital resources
- Art materials

- Observation - Drawing assessment - Written tests