THE MOLE

Mole, molar mass and R.A.M.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term mole as a quantity of measurement.
Relate the mole to R.A.M and molar mass.

Discuss various analogies that lead to the definition of the mole.
Expose the meaning of R.A.M., Avogadro?s constant and molar mass.

Chart- table of molar masses of elements.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 27-31
Longhorn
Book III
PP 34-35

THE MOLE

Number of moles in a substance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate number of moles in a given mass of a substance.

Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

student book

K.L.B .BK III
P. 34
Longhorn
BK III
PP 39-40

THE MOLE

Relative molecular mass & Relative formula mass.
Moles and Avogadro?s number.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define relative molecular mass.
Calculate RMM of a compound.

Q/A: - Review formulae of compounds.
Complete a table of compounds and their molecular / formula mass.

Calculators.

K.L.B.BK III
PP. 34-35

Longhorn Book III PP 44-60

THE MOLE

Empirical Formula.
Molecular formula.
Concentration of a solution.
Molarity of a solution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine empirical formula of a compound given percentage composition by mass.

Define concentration of a solution.
Find concentration of a solution in grams/litre and moles/litre.

Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

Assignment.
Q/A: - Equivalent ratios, e.g. 4g dissolved in 500cm? and
8g in 1 litre.
Worked examples on concentration of solutions.

student book
Calculators.
chart
student book

K.L.B.
BK III P. 43

Longhorn Book III PP 66-71

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 46-48

Longhorn Book III PP 76-81

THE MOLE

Preparation of molar solutions.
Calculators on molar solutions.
Dilution of solutions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molar solutions.
Prepare molar solutions.

Q/A: - Description of preparation of molar solutions.

Volumetric flasks, teat droppers/wash bottle.
Sodium hydrogen pellets.
Weighing balance.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 50-51

Longhorn
Book III
PP 78-81

THE MOLE

Stoichiometry of a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometric equations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine mole ratio of given reactions.

Group experiments: - Determine masses, hence moles of reacting CuSO4 solution and iron metal.

CuSO4 solution and iron metal.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 56
Longhorn Book III PP 87-92

THE MOLE

Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and determine Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.

Class experiments.

Problem solving.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 62

Volumetric Analysis.

Apparatus used in titration experiments.
Titration process.
Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)
Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To use and read a pipette and a burette.
To carry out a titration experiment and obtain accurate results.

Discussion and practical use of the apparatus.
Emphasis is laid on need to sterilize the apparatus after use.

Class experiments: - To neutralize HCl with NaOH solution.
Fill in a table of results.
Find the average base used.

Pipettes
Burettes.
Indicators
Suitable acid and base.
student book
Calculators.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 63-64
Longhorn
Book III
PP 104-8

K.L.B. BK III
P. 66

Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Basicity of an acid.
Standardization of HCl.
Concentration of HCl.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define basicity of an acid.

Complete a table of number of replaceable hydrogen ions of an acid; hence define basicity of an acid.
Write corresponding ionic equations.

student book
Dilute HCl, Na2CO3 solutions.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 73

Volumetric Analysis.

Redox Titration Reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To standardize a solution with an iron (II) salt.

Experiment and calculations.

Potassium Magnate
(VII)

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Longhorn
Book III
PP 114-115

Volumetric Analysis.

Water of crystallization.
Formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine amount of water of crystallization in ammonium iron sulphate crystals.

Teacher exposes the formula of water of crystallization.
Class experiment.
Filling in a table of results.

Ammonium
Iron (II)
Sulphate crystals.
Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 76

Volumetric Analysis.

Formula mass of a given salt.
Atomicity of gases.
Mass and volume of gases.
Molar gas volume.
Combining volumes of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To solve numerical problems involving water of crystallization.

To define molar gas volume.

Problem solving from sample results.
Use the above results to describe volume of one mole of a gas.
Discuss molar gas volume at R.T.P and S.T.P conditions.

student book
Lubricated syringes
Oxygen/
CO2.

K.L.B. BK III
P.77
K.L.B. BK III
79 ? 80
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-127

Volumetric Analysis.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Gay Lussac?s Law.
Hydrocarbons.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state Gay Lussac?s Law.
To compare Gay Lussac?s Law with Avogadro?s Law.
To solve numericals using Gay Lussac?s Law.

Teacher exposes the law; and compares it with Gay Lussac?s Law.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 85

Longhorn
Book III
PP 129-131

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkanes.
Naming Alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkanes.
To list sources of alkanes.
To state uses of different fractions of crude oil.
To define cracking of alkanes.

Expose various alkanes.
Discuss the biomass digester, fractional distillation of crude oil and uses of the fractions.
Discuss the cracking process.

Chart of biomass digester.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 93-94

Longhorn
Book III
PP 135-6

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Members of Alkane series.
Isomerism in alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name members of alkane series and identify their characteristics.
To draw the structures of alkane series.

Discussion and exposition of new concepts.

Chart- structure of alkanes.
Models.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 97-99

Longhorn Book III
PP 137-9

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Laboratory preparation of a given alkane.
Trend in physical properties of alkanes.
Chemical properties of alkanes.
Substitution reactions involving alkanes. Uses of alkanes.
Alkenes. Molecular formulae of alkenes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe laboratory preparation of a given alkane.
To state physical properties of the gases prepared.
To describe substitution reactions involving alkanes.

To list down uses of alkanes.

Teacher demonstration.
Discussion.
Discussion


Teacher elucidates uses of alkanes.

Sodium ethanoate, sodalime,
Pestle and mortar.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 103

Longhorn
Book III
PP 146

K.L.B. BK III
P. 108

Longhorn
Book III
PP 149-50

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Naming alkenes.
Alkene isomerism.
Preparing ethene in the lab.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name various alkenes.

Q/Q: Nomenclature in alkenes.
Compare alkenes; hence deduce names of various alkenes.

student book
chart

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 110-113
Longhorn
Book III
PP 154-6

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Physical properties of ethene.
Chemical properties of ethene.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.

To discuss physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.

student book
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 116-117
Longhorn Book III
PP 126-129
165-6

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkenes and oxidizing agents.
Uses of alkenes & Topic review.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reactions of alkenes with oxidizing agents.

Review the double bonds in alkenes.
Review reduction process, oxidizing agent.
Discuss reactions of alkenes with conc. H2SO4, acidified potassium chromate.
Expose hydrolysis process.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 120-121


Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkynes. Nomenclature.
Isomerism in alkynes.
Physical properties of ethyne.
Chemical properties of ethyne.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkynes.
To name and draw structures of alkynes.
To list down physical properties of ethyne.

Discuss a table of members of alkynes.
Review naming of alkanes and alkene and compare this with naming of alkynes.

Teacher demonstration: Preparation of ethyne.
Deduce properties of other alkynes.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 122-123
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129 171-5

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 125-126
Longhorn
Book III
PP 197-80

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Tests for alkynes. Uses of alkynes.
Isolation of nitrogen from air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe tests for alkynes and state uses of alkynes.

Discussion and explanations.

Assignment.

charts
Aspirator, copper turnings, gas jar, combustion tube, trogh.

K.L.B. BK III
P.130

Longhorn Book III
PP 180-84

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Industrial production of nitrogen.
Lab. preparation of nitrogen.
Physical and chemical properties of nitrogen. Uses of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe industrial production of nitrogen.

Discussion and description.
Drawing schematic diagram for the process.

charts
Ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate

K.L.B. BK III
PP.135-136

Longhorn Book
PP 188-9

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (I) oxide. Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe Nitrogen (I) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: -
Carry out tests on the gas.
Students record observations in a table.
Guided discussion.

Ammonium nitrate.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 139-141

Longhorn
Book III
PP 195-6

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties and uses of Nitrogen (I) oxide.
Nitrogen (II) oxide. Lab preparation.
Properties of the gas.
Nitrogen (1V) oxide Lab preparation.
Properties of Nitrogen (IV) oxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To list down uses of nitrogen (I) oxide.

To describe nitrogen (IV) oxide lab preparation.

Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.

Teacher elucidates uses of nitrogen (1) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of the gas and corresponding equation.
Tests on the gas and make observations.

charts
Dil nitric acid, copper turnings.
Conc. nitric acid, copper turnings.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 141
Longhorn
Book III
PP 191-2

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 144-145

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Ammonia. Lab preparation of ammonia.
Properties of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of ammonia

Q/A: Structure of ammonia.
Group experiments: Preparation of ammonia.
Tests on the gas.

Ca(OH)2, NH4Cl Solutions, CaO, litmus papers..M THREE CHEMISTRY TERM TWO 20....
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 147-148

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Solubility of ammonia.
Reaction of ammonia with metal ions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to determine solubility of ammonia.

Teacher demonstration.

Discussion.

charts
2 cm Solutions containing various metal ions.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 150

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Ionic equations of above reactions.
Burning ammonia in the air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write iIonic equations of above reactions.

Discuss precipitation of metal hydroxides by aqueous ammonia.
Confirmatory tests for various concentrations.

charts
Conc. Ammonium solution
Hot platinum rod
Oxygen.

K.L.B. BK III
P.154

Longhorn BK III
P 223

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of ammonia with copper (II) Oxide.
Haber process.
Uses of ammonia.
Nitric acid. Lab preparation.
Nitric acid Industrial manufacture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name products formed when ammonia reacts with hot CuCl2 solid.
To explain reducing properties of ammonia.
To describe lab preparation of nitric acid.

Teacher demonstration and discussion.
Write down equations for the reactions.
Teacher demonstration.
Write equations of reaction.
Discussion.

Granular CuCl2
Combustion tube,
Dry ammonia
U-tube
Gas jar.
Chart- schematic diagram.
charts
Retort stand
Conc. H2SO4
KNO3
Chart
Schematic diagram.

K.L.B.
BK III
P. 158
K.L.B. BK III
P. 163

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of dilute Nitric acid with metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute nitric acid with metals.
To write equations of reactions of dilute nitric acid with metals.

Class experiment:- making observations and recording them in a table.
Discuss the observations.
Write down equations for the reactions.

Magnesium
Zinc
Copper

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 165-166

Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid and carbonates.
Reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute nitric acid and metal hydroxides and oxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe action of nitric acid on carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.

Group experiments: - Action of Nitric acid on hydrogen carbonates.

Solutions of
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
ZnCO3
CuCO3
Metal hydroxides.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 167

Longhorn
Book III
229-30

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reactions of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

Class experiments: -
Explain observations made.

Nitric acid acidified iron sulphate, sulphur, and copper metal.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 169-170

Longhorn Book III
PP 239 -240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Uses of nitric acid & nitrates.
Action of heat on nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of nitrates.
To describe preparation of nitrates.

Discussion
Equations for the reactions for preparation of nitrates.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 171

Longhorn Book III
PP 240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.
SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Test for nitrates.
Nitrogen compounds and the environment.
Extraction of sulphur.
Allotropes of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests on nitrates.

To describe extraction of sulphur by Frasch process.

Class experiments.
Make observations and deductions.
Discuss the brown ring test for nitrates.


Illustrate and discuss extraction of sulphur.

charts
Chart-the Frasch process.
video

K.L.B. BK III
PP 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 243

K.L.B. BK III
PP.180-181
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphur. Heating of sulphur.
Chemical properties of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list physical properties of sulphur.

To describe effects of heat on sulphur.

Class experiment:
Solubility of sulphur in water, benzene, e.t.c,.
Class experiments:
Heating sulphur gently then strongly.
Discuss the observations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P.184
Longhorn I
Book III
PP 253-255

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Uses of sulphur. Sulphur dioxide.
Physical properties of sulphur dioxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of sulphur.
Describe lab. preparation of sulphur dioxide.

Teacher elucidates uses of sulphur.
Teacher demonstration:-
Preparation of sulphur dioxide in a fume chamber/in the open.
Carrying out tests on the gas.

charts
text book

K.L.B.BK III
PP 191- 192
Longhorn Book
P 258

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Acidic properties of SO2.
Reducing action of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out experiments to determine acidic properties of SO2.

Teacher demonstration to verify acidic properties of sulphur dioxide.
Write equations.

textbook
Experimental worksheets.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 193
Longhorn
Book III
PP 262-3

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Bleaching properties of SO2.
Oxidizing action of SO2.
Sulphate and sulphite ions. Uses of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out experiments to determine bleaching properties of SO2.
To carry out tests for Sulphate and sulphite ions.

State uses of SO2.

Discuss the observations made above.
Write corresponding equations.
Class experiments.
Make deductions from the observations made.
Write (ionic) equations for the reactions.
Teacher elucidates uses of SO2.

Burning magnesium.
Hydrogen sulphide.
Sodium sulphate
Barium chloride
Barium nitrate.

K.L.B .BK III
P. 194
Longhorn
Book III
PP 263-4

K.L.B.
BK III P. 200
Longhorn
Book III
PP 268-9

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Sulphuric acid. Contact process of manufacture.
Properties of conc. H2SO4.
Physical properties of sulphuric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify raw materials for manufacture of sulphuric acid.
To describe the contact process.

Discussion using schematic
flow charts.
Writing equations.

Chart-schematic
Flow charts.
charts
Conc. sulphuric acid.

K.L.B. BK III
PP.201-203
Longhorn
Book III
PP 275-6

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of Sulphuric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write equations to show that conc. sulphuric acid is a drying and dehydrating agent.
To describe reactions of dilute H2SO4 with metals.

Discussion and explanations.
Group expts. ? reaction of metals with dilute H2SO4, make observations and relevant deductions; writing corresponding equations.

Magnesium, zinc, copper metals.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 206
Longhorn
Book III
PP 276-8

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute H2SO4, and metal oxides and hydroxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute H2SO4 with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.

Discussion, writing relevant equations.

charts
Oxides of magnesium, zinc, copper.
NaOH Solution.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 208

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4 and metal oxides & hydroxides.
Hydrogen sulphide. Preparation of the gas. Reaction of the gas with oxygen.
Reaction of the gas with water. Reducing properties of the gas.
Sulphur and its effects on the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain reactions of dilute H2SO4 with metal oxides and hydroxides.
To describe preparation of hydrogen sulphide.
To state properties of the gas.

Discussion, writing relevant chemical equations.
Theoretical / descriptive approach.
Writing corresponding equations.
Discuss physical properties of the gas and reaction of the gas with oxygen.

charts

K.L.B.
BK III P. 211
K.L.B.
BK III P. 210
Longhorn
Book III
PP 289-90