THE MOLE

Molarity of a solution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molarity of a solution.
Find molarity of a solution in M/dm?

Teacher explains that molarity of a solution is given in moles of the solute per litre.
Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 48-49

Longhorn
Book III
PP 76-81

THE MOLE

Preparation of molar solutions.
Calculators on molar solutions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molar solutions.
Prepare molar solutions.

Q/A: - Description of preparation of molar solutions.

Volumetric flasks, teat droppers/wash bottle.
Sodium hydrogen pellets.
Weighing balance.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 50-51

Longhorn
Book III
PP 78-81

THE MOLE
THE MOLE
Volumetric Analysis.

Dilution of solutions.
Stoichiometry of a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometric equations.
Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.
Apparatus used in titration experiments.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate molarity of a solution after dilution.
To investigate and determine Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.

Group experiments.
Calculations.
Class experiments.

Problem solving.

student book
CuSO4 solution and iron metal.
student book
Pipettes
Burettes.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 76-81
K.L.B. BK III
P. 62

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration process.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define titration as a process.
Define a titration end-point.

Review by Q/A: -
-Indicators and colour changes.
-Choice of indicators.
-Balanced chemical equations.
Discuss characteristics of a good titre, when an an-end point is attained.

Indicators
Suitable acid and base.

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 64-67

Longhorn
Book III
PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)
Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)
Basicity of an acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out a titration experiment and obtain accurate results.

Class experiments: - To neutralize HCl with NaOH solution.
Fill in a table of results.
Find the average base used.

student book
Calculators.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 66

Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Standardization of HCl.
Concentration of HCl.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define standardization of HCl.

Class experiments.

Dilute HCl, Na2CO3 solutions.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Volumetric Analysis.

Redox Titration Reactions.
Water of crystallization.
Formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.
Formula mass of a given salt.
Atomicity of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To standardize a solution with an iron (II) salt.
To find formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.

Experiment and calculations.
Calculations from experimental results.

Potassium Magnate
(VII)
Ammonium
Iron (II)
Sulphate crystals.
Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Longhorn
Book III
PP 114-115

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 76 -77

Volumetric Analysis.

Mass and volume of gases.
Molar gas volume.
Combining volumes of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine mass and volume of gases.

Teacher demonstration: - Determining mass of known volumes of oxygen / CO2.

Lubricated syringes
Oxygen/
CO2.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 81
Longhorn BK III
PP 126-127

Volumetric Analysis.

Gay Lussac?s Law.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state Gay Lussac?s Law.
To compare Gay Lussac?s Law with Avogadro?s Law.
To solve numericals using Gay Lussac?s Law.

Teacher exposes the law; and compares it with Gay Lussac?s Law.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 85

Longhorn
Book III
PP 129-131

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Hydrocarbons.
Alkanes.
Naming Alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define organic Chemistry.
To define a hydrocarbon.
To identify groups of hydrocarbons.
To describe the carbon atom.

Discuss composition of the carbon atom; hence deduce number of valence electrons.
Exposition of new terms.

student book
Chart of biomass digester.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 92
Longhorn
Book III
P 135

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Members of Alkane series.
Isomerism in alkanes.
Laboratory preparation of a given alkane.
Trend in physical properties of alkanes.
Chemical properties of alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name members of alkane series and identify their characteristics.
To draw the structures of alkane series.

To describe laboratory preparation of a given alkane.
To state physical properties of the gases prepared.

Discussion and exposition of new concepts.
Teacher demonstration.
Discussion.

Chart- structure of alkanes.
Models.
Sodium ethanoate, sodalime,
Pestle and mortar.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 97-99

Longhorn Book III
PP 137-9

K.L.B. BK III
P. 103

Longhorn
Book III
PP 146

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Substitution reactions involving alkanes. Uses of alkanes.
Alkenes. Molecular formulae of alkenes.
Naming alkenes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe substitution reactions involving alkanes.

To list down uses of alkanes.

Discussion


Teacher elucidates uses of alkanes.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 108

Longhorn
Book III
PP 149-50

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkene isomerism.
Preparing ethene in the lab.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between branching and positional isomerism.

Discussion and drawing of molecular structures.

student book
chart

K.L.B. BK III
P. 113
Longhorn
Book III
PP 158-60

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Physical properties of ethene.
Chemical properties of ethene.
Alkenes and oxidizing agents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.

To discuss physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.

student book
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 116-117
Longhorn Book III
PP 126-129
165-6

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Uses of alkenes & Topic review.
Alkynes. Nomenclature.
Isomerism in alkynes.
Physical properties of ethyne.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down uses of alkenes.
To draw structure showing positional and branching isomerism.

Teacher elucidates uses of alkenes.

Assignment.
Discussion and drawing structures.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 121 Longhorn Book
PP 170-1

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 124-125
Longhorn
Book III
PP 176-8

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Chemical properties of ethyne.
Tests for alkynes. Uses of alkynes.
Isolation of nitrogen from air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe combustion, halogenation and hydrogenation processes.

Discussion and writing of equations.

charts
Aspirator, copper turnings, gas jar, combustion tube, trogh.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 127-129
Longhorn Book III
PP 180-184

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Industrial production of nitrogen.
Lab. preparation of nitrogen.
Physical and chemical properties of nitrogen. Uses of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe industrial production of nitrogen.

Discussion and description.
Drawing schematic diagram for the process.

charts
Ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate

K.L.B. BK III
PP.135-136

Longhorn Book
PP 188-9

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (I) oxide. Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe Nitrogen (I) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: -
Carry out tests on the gas.
Students record observations in a table.
Guided discussion.

Ammonium nitrate.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 139-141

Longhorn
Book III
PP 195-6

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties and uses of Nitrogen (I) oxide.
Nitrogen (II) oxide. Lab preparation.
Properties of the gas.
Nitrogen (1V) oxide Lab preparation.
Properties of Nitrogen (IV) oxide.
Ammonia. Lab preparation of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To list down uses of nitrogen (I) oxide.

To describe nitrogen (IV) oxide lab preparation.

Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.

Teacher elucidates uses of nitrogen (1) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of the gas and corresponding equation.
Tests on the gas and make observations.

charts
Dil nitric acid, copper turnings.
Conc. nitric acid, copper turnings.
charts
Ca(OH)2, NH4Cl Solutions, CaO, litmus papers..M THREE CHEMISTRY TERM TWO 20....

K.L.B. BK III
P. 141
Longhorn
Book III
PP 191-2

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 144-145

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties of ammonia.
Solubility of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of ammonia.

Deduce physical properties from the observations above.
Discuss chemical properties from the observations above.
Write down chemical equations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 150

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of ammonia with metal ions.
Ionic equations of above reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To prepare aqueous solution of ammonia.


To carry out tests of aqueous ammonia on metal ions.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of aqueous solution of ammonia.

Class experiments: -
Students record observations when drops of aqueous ammonia are added, then in excess.

2 cm Solutions containing various metal ions.
charts

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 152-153

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Burning ammonia in the air.
Reaction of ammonia with copper (II) Oxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe burning ammonia in the air.

Teacher demonstration
Discussion
Chemical equations of reactions.

Conc. Ammonium solution
Hot platinum rod
Oxygen.
Granular CuCl2
Combustion tube,
Dry ammonia
U-tube
Gas jar.

K.L.B.
BK III
P. 158
Longhorn
Book III
PP 219

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Haber process.
Uses of ammonia.
Nitric acid. Lab preparation.
Nitric acid Industrial manufacture.
Reaction of dilute Nitric acid with metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify raw materials for Haber process and how they are obtained in large scale.
Discuss the Haber process.
Represent Haber process in a schematic diagram.

To describe industrial manufacture of nitric acid.

Discussion and explanations.
Discussion and writing equations.

Chart- schematic diagram.
charts
Retort stand
Conc. H2SO4
KNO3
Chart
Schematic diagram.
Magnesium
Zinc
Copper

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 159-160
225-226
K.L.B. BK III
P. 164

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid and carbonates.
Reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe action of nitric acid on carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.

Group experiments: - Action of Nitric acid on hydrogen carbonates.

Solutions of
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
ZnCO3
CuCO3

K.L.B. BK III
P. 167

Longhorn
Book III
229-30

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Dilute nitric acid and metal hydroxides and oxides.
Reaction of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Predict results of reacting dilute nitric acid with metal hydroxides and oxides.

Group experiments & writing equations for the reactions.

Metal hydroxides.
Nitric acid acidified iron sulphate, sulphur, and copper metal.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 168

Longhorn
Book III
PP 238-240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Uses of nitric acid & nitrates.
Action of heat on nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of nitrates.
To describe preparation of nitrates.

Discussion
Equations for the reactions for preparation of nitrates.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 171

Longhorn Book III
PP 240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.
SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Test for nitrates.
Nitrogen compounds and the environment.
Extraction of sulphur.
Allotropes of sulphur.
Physical properties of sulphur. Heating of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests on nitrates.

To describe extraction of sulphur by Frasch process.

Class experiments.
Make observations and deductions.
Discuss the brown ring test for nitrates.


Illustrate and discuss extraction of sulphur.

charts
Chart-the Frasch process.
video
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 243

K.L.B. BK III
PP.180-181
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of sulphur.
Uses of sulphur. Sulphur dioxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and describe chemical properties of sulphur.

Group experiments.
Discuss observations.
Write corresponding equations.

charts

K.L.B.BK III
PP.188-190
Longhorn
Book III
PP 256-8

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphur dioxide.
Acidic properties of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of sulphur dioxide.

Discuss the above tests.

text book
textbook

K.L.B.BK III
PP 193
Longhorn
Book III
PP 262-3

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Reducing action of SO2.
Bleaching properties of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To verify reducing action of SO2.

Class experiments: make observations and draw conclusions.
Write balanced corresponding equations.

Experimental worksheets.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 195

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Oxidizing action of SO2.
Sulphate and sulphite ions. Uses of SO2.
Sulphuric acid. Contact process of manufacture.
Properties of conc. H2SO4.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain Oxidizing action of SO2.
To identify raw materials for manufacture of sulphuric acid.
To describe the contact process.

Q/A: review redox reactions.
Teacher demonstration: - Lowering magnesium into a jar of SO2; effect of SO2 on hydrogen sulphide.
Discuss observations.
Write equations for the reactions.

Discussion using schematic
flow charts.
Writing equations.

Burning magnesium.
Hydrogen sulphide.
Sodium sulphate
Barium chloride
Barium nitrate.
Chart-schematic
Flow charts.
charts

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 198-199
Longhorn
Book III
PP 266-7


K.L.B. BK III
PP.201-203
Longhorn
Book III
PP 275-6

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphuric acid.
Chemical properties of Sulphuric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To dilute conc. sulphuric acid.
State physical properties of sulphuric acid.

Teacher demonstration ? diluting conc. sulphuric acid.
Discuss use of conc. sulphuric acid as a drying and dehydrating agent.

Conc. sulphuric acid.
Magnesium, zinc, copper metals.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 205
Longhorn
Book III
PP 274-5

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute H2SO4, and metal oxides and hydroxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute H2SO4 with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.

Discussion, writing relevant equations.

charts
Oxides of magnesium, zinc, copper.
NaOH Solution.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 208

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4 and metal oxides & hydroxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain reactions of dilute H2SO4 with metal oxides and hydroxides.

Discussion, writing relevant chemical equations.

charts

K.L.B.
BK III P. 211

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS
SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS
CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Hydrogen sulphide. Preparation of the gas. Reaction of the gas with oxygen.
Reaction of the gas with water. Reducing properties of the gas.
Sulphur and its effects on the environment.
Lab. preparation of chlorine gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe preparation of hydrogen sulphide.
To state properties of the gas.
To explain environmental pollution caused by sulphur and its compounds.

Theoretical / descriptive approach.
Writing corresponding equations.
Discuss physical properties of the gas and reaction of the gas with oxygen.

Discussion and explanation.

charts
charts
Conc. HCl, Manganese (IV) oxide.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 210
Longhorn
Book III
PP 289-90

K.L.B.
BK III P. 214
Longhorn Book
PP 293-5

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of chlorine.
Chemical properties of chlorine ? reaction with water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State physical properties of chlorine.

Q/A: Relate the properties to the method of collection of the gas.
Write equations for the reaction leading to formation of chlorine.

charts
Moist blue litmus papers.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 220.
Longhorn
Book III
P 301

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of chlorine - Reaction with metals - Reaction with non-metals.
- Oxidizing properties of chlorine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with metals / non-metals.

Teacher demonstration:
Discussion.
Writing chemical equations.

textbook
Expt. Worksheets.

K.L.B.BK III
PP.
224 -225
Longhorn
Book III
PP 303-5

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Chlorine and alkalis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with alkalis.

Teacher demonstration: Bubbling chlorine with dilute cold / hot NaOH solution.
Make observations and account for them.

Cold / hot NaOH solutions.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 228
Longhorn Book III
PP 313-4

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Test for chlorides.
Uses of chlorine gas.
Hydrogen chloride gas. Lab. prep. Physical properties.
Aqueous hydrogen chloride.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests for chlorides.
To describe Lab. prep of hydrogen chloride gas.
To investigate and state physical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.

Class expts.
Discuss observations, results.
Write chemical equations for the reactions.

Teacher demonstration.
Carry out tests on the gas and deduce the properties of the gas.

Expt. Worksheets.
Zinc chloride, litmus paper, conc. Sulphuric acid.
Sodium chloride crystals, conc H2SO4
Distilled water.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 230
Longhorn Book III
PP 318-319


K.L.B.BK III
P. 232
Longhorn
Book III
PP 323-4

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Further chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.
Large-scale production of hydrochloric acid.
Uses of hydrochloric acid.
Effects of hydrochloric acid on the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.
To carry out confirmatory test for hydrogen chloride gas.

Class experiment leading to deduction of further chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas / confirmatory test for hydrogen chloride gas.

Ammonia solution.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP.
235 -223
Longhorn
Book III
PP 327-331