ELEMENTS, MIXTURES AND COMPOUNDS

Introduction to Matter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define matter
Identify some matter within our class
Watch a video clip on states of matter and how they change
Appreciate the importance of changes of state

The learner is guided to;  Define matter.   Identify some matter within their environment.    Watch a video on state of matter and how they change.   Appreciate the importance of changes of matter.

How does the movement of particles in matter affect its physical properties

Laboratory
Apparatus and
Equipment
Textbook
Software
Relevant reading material
Digital Devices
Recording
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 1-2

Reflections Game Playing Model Making Explorations Experiments Invesigation Conventions, Conferences, and Debates

ELEMENTS, MIXTURES AND COMPOUNDS

Classification of matter
Properties of solids
Properties of liquids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of different states of matter
Carry out an experiment on how matter changes from one form to another
Appreciate the importance of various changes of states

The learner is guided to;  Describe properties of different states of matter.   Carry out experiments on how matter changes from one state to another.

How does the movement of particles in matter affect its physical properties

Laboratory
Apparatus and
Equipment
Textbooks
Software
Relevant reading materials
Digital Devices
Recording
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 3-4
Equipment
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 7
Textbook
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 8

Reflections Game Playing Pre- Post Testing Model Making Explorations Experiments Applications Teacher Observations Project Journal Oral or Aural Questions Learner's Project

ELEMENTS, MIXTURES AND COMPOUNDS

Properties of gases
Temporary and permanent changes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify properties of gases
Perform simple experiments on cooling on gases
demonstrate diffusion in
liquids,
Appreciate the applications of cooling of gases

The learner is guided to; Identify properties of gases.   Perform experiments on cooling of gases.  Demonstrate diffusion in liquids.   Appreciate the applications of cooling of gases.  

How does the movement of particles in matter affect its physical properties

Laboratory
Apparatus and
Equipment
Textbooks
Software
Relevant reading materials
Digital Devices
Recording
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 9
?
Spotlight Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 15

Reflections Game Play Model Making Explorations Experiment Journals Portfolio Oral or Aural Questions Learner's Project

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Components of the excretory system
Human Excretory System - External parts of the skin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify components of the excretory system
- Recognize the skin as an excretory organ
- Appreciate the importance of waste removal

- Brainstorm on waste removal in humans
- Identify excretory organs (skin, lungs, kidneys)
- Discuss the role of excretory system
- Compare different excretory organs

What organs make up the human excretory system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 119
- Charts of excretory system
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 120
- Hand lenses
- Observation sheets

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical work

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Structure of the skin
Human Excretory System - Functions of skin parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify parts of the skin from diagrams
- Label epidermis, dermis, sweat glands and ducts
- Understand the layered structure of skin

- Study images and identify labeled parts A to F
- Use charts to label parts of human skin
- Draw and label parts of human skin
- Share work with classmates

What are the main structural parts of the human skin?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 121
- Skin structure charts
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 122
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Understanding excretion and waste products

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define excretion
- Identify waste products excreted by different organs
- Understand the importance of waste removal

- Complete puzzle on skin parts and functions
- Study story of sweating process
- Identify waste products from skin, lungs and kidneys
- Discuss harmful effects of waste accumulation

Why is excretion important for the human body?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 123
- Puzzle materials
- Story completion sheets

- Checklist - Anecdotal records - Written tests

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Parts of the urinary system
Human Excretory System - Modeling the urinary system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify parts of the urinary system
- Label kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
- Understand the urinary system structure

- Study diagram and identify urinary system
- Identify and name labeled parts A to E
- Draw well-labeled diagram of urinary system
- Compare drawings with classmates

What are the main parts of the urinary system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 124
- Urinary system charts
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 125
- Locally available materials
- Model construction supplies

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Functions of urinary system parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe functions of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
- Explain the process of urine formation
- Appreciate the complexity of kidney function

- Answer questions about functions of urinary system parts
- Use textbooks to search for function information
- Take turns reading questions and answering
- Share findings with classmates

How do the parts of the urinary system work together?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 126
- Function reference materials
- Question cards

- Assessment rubrics - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - External parts of the kidney
Human Excretory System - Kidney disorders and their causes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify external parts of the kidney
- Label renal artery, renal vein, hilum and renal capsule
- Understand kidney structure

- Study diagram and identify parts marked A to C
- Use charts to compare answers
- Draw well-labeled diagram of kidney
- Search for information on kidney functions

What are the external parts of the kidney and their functions?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 127
- Kidney structure charts
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 128
- Reference materials
- Case study conversations

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Written tests

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Prevention of kidney disorders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe ways to prevent kidney disorders
- Develop healthy lifestyle habits
- Take responsibility for kidney health

- Discuss prevention methods for kidney disorders
- Listen to resource person on kidney health
- Write short notes on prevention strategies
- Present findings to classmates

How can kidney disorders be prevented?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 129
- Health promotion materials
- Resource person

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Observation

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Promoting skin health
Human Excretory System - Promoting kidney health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify practices that promote healthy skin
- Develop good hygiene habits
- Appreciate the importance of skin care

- Study pictures and identify healthy skin
- Discuss activities to promote healthy skin
- Give advice for skin hygiene scenarios
- Search for information on skin health practices

What activities promote healthy skin?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 130
- Health education materials
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 131
- Nutrition information
- Health guidelines

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Developing daily health logs
Human Excretory System - Integration and health promotion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Create daily logs for skin and kidney health
- Plan health-promoting activities
- Take responsibility for personal health

- Study sample daily log for health activities
- Create personal plan using provided guide
- Show plan to family members
- Follow and monitor daily health activities

How can we plan and track activities that promote skin and kidney health?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 132
- Planning templates
- Family involvement
- Master Integrated Science pg. 133
- Community health resources
- Family discussion guides

- Portfolio assessment - Self-monitoring - Family feedback

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of excretory system
- Apply knowledge to solve health problems
- Show mastery of key concepts

- Complete comprehensive assessment questions
- Identify body organs and their functions
- List activities that promote organ health
- Provide health advice for kidney disorders

What have I learned about the human excretory system?

- Assessment papers
- Review materials
- Health case studies

- Summative assessment - Written tests - Assessment rubrics

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Extension and enrichment
Human Excretory System - Final integration and reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explore advanced concepts in excretory system function
- Research current health issues
- Demonstrate expertise in health education

- Research current topics in kidney and skin health
- Prepare health education presentations
- Create health promotion campaigns
- Mentor younger students on health topics

How can I use my knowledge to promote health in my community?

- Advanced health resources
- Research materials
- Presentation tools
- Reflection journals
- Integration activities
- Goal-setting materials

- Research projects - Presentation skills - Community impact assessment

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Sources of electricity in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify sources of electricity in the environment
- Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources
- Appreciate the variety of electricity sources

- Brainstorm on electrical energy uses
- Identify sources of electricity at school, home, hospital, market
- Study images and identify electricity sources
- Discuss sources used for laboratory experiments

What are the different sources of electricity in our environment?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 134
- Images of electricity sources
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical work

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Solar, hydro-electric and geothermal power
Electrical Energy - Wind, nuclear and other power sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how solar power is generated
- Explain hydro-electric power generation
- Understand geothermal energy production

- Search for information on solar, hydro-electric and geothermal power
- Study figures showing power generation systems
- Discuss advantages of renewable energy sources
- Compare different power generation methods

How do renewable energy sources generate electricity?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 135
- Digital resources
- Power generation diagrams
- Master Integrated Science pg. 136
- Energy conversion charts
- Reference materials

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Electrical cells and batteries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify electrical cells and batteries
- Understand how batteries store and release energy
- Recognize positive and negative terminals

- Examine electrical cells and identify terminals
- Study battery structure and function
- Practice identifying positive and negative terminals
- Discuss battery safety measures

How do electrical cells and batteries provide electricity?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 137
- Electrical cells
- Battery samples

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Safety checklist

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Flow of electric current in series circuits
Electrical Energy - Flow of electric current in parallel circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate flow of electric current in series circuits
- Set up simple series circuits
- Understand circuit continuity

- Set up simple electrical circuits in series
- Use dry cells, connecting wires, switches and bulbs
- Observe what happens in each circuit setup
- Draw sketches of circuit arrangements

How does electric current flow in series circuits?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 138
- Electrical apparatus
- Circuit materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 139
- Electrical components
- Circuit diagrams

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Observation

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Understanding electrical circuits
Electrical Energy - Series and parallel arrangements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define electrical circuits
- Distinguish between open and closed circuits
- Explain the role of switches

- Study electrical circuit components
- Identify positive and negative terminals
- Practice opening and closing circuits with switches
- Analyze circuit diagrams

What makes an electrical circuit work effectively?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 140
- Circuit analysis materials
- Switch demonstrations
- Master Integrated Science pg. 141
- Circuit comparison charts
- Analysis worksheets

- Checklist - Oral questions - Circuit testing

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Common electrical appliances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common electrical appliances
- Categorize appliances by function
- Appreciate the role of electricity in daily life

- Write names of electrical appliances on flashcards
- Exchange flashcards with classmates
- Identify appliances in pictures
- Find appliances used in different locations

What electrical appliances do we use in daily life?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 142
- Appliance pictures
- Flashcards

- Observation - Practical work - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Safety measures with electrical appliances
Electrical Energy - Electrical safety in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify safety measures for electrical appliances
- Recognize electrical hazards
- Practice safe handling procedures

- Complete statements about safety measures
- Analyze scenarios with electrical hazards
- Discuss actions for electrical emergencies
- Search for safety information

How can we safely handle electrical appliances?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 143
- Safety guidelines
- Emergency procedures
- Master Integrated Science pg. 144
- Safety manuals
- Emergency resources

- Written tests - Safety demonstrations - Checklist

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Uses of electricity in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify multiple uses of electricity
- Appreciate electricity's importance
- Connect electricity to modern living

- State uses of electricity in homes, schools, hospitals, factories
- Identify electricity uses in pictures
- Name other uses in daily life
- Discuss importance of electrical systems

How does electricity support modern life?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 145
- Usage examples
- Modern life illustrations

- Practical work - Oral questions - Written assignments

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Integration and application
Electrical Energy - Review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Integrate knowledge of electrical energy
- Apply electrical concepts to solve problems
- Design simple electrical solutions

- Complete comprehensive electrical energy questions
- Design simple circuits for specific purposes
- Solve electrical problems
- Connect electrical knowledge to other subjects

How can electrical energy knowledge be applied to solve real problems?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 145
- Problem-solving materials
- Design challenges
- Assessment papers
- Performance reviews
- Improvement plans

- Project assessment - Problem solving - Design evaluation

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Extension and research

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Research advanced electrical concepts
- Explore careers in electrical engineering
- Demonstrate leadership in electrical safety

- Research current developments in electrical energy
- Explore careers in electrical fields
- Create electrical safety campaigns
- Mentor younger students on electrical concepts

How can electrical energy knowledge contribute to future careers and community safety?

- Advanced electrical resources
- Career information
- Research tools

- Research projects - Career exploration - Community service assessment

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Innovation and creativity
Magnetism - Identifying and demonstrating magnetic properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Design innovative electrical solutions
- Think creatively about electrical applications
- Demonstrate entrepreneurial thinking

- Design solutions for electrical problems in school/community
- Create models of innovative electrical devices
- Present creative electrical ideas
- Develop business plans for electrical innovations

How can I use creativity and innovation to solve electrical energy challenges?

- Innovation materials
- Design supplies
- Presentation tools
- Master Integrated Science pg. 146
- Bar magnets
- Iron filings and nails

- Innovation assessment - Creativity evaluation - Entrepreneurship skills

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Demonstrating attraction and repulsion
Magnetism - Directional properties of magnets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate magnetic attraction and repulsion
- Understand interaction between magnets
- Predict magnetic behavior

- Place two bar magnets on flat surface
- Bring magnet ends close to each other
- Observe and record attraction or repulsion
- Reverse magnet ends and observe changes

How do magnets interact with each other?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 147
- Two bar magnets
- Observation sheets
- Master Integrated Science pg. 148
- Thread and retort stand
- Compass for reference

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Prediction skills

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Magnetic poles and their identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify magnetic poles
- Label north and south poles
- Understand pole characteristics

- Place bar magnet on iron filings
- Observe where iron filings cling most
- Suspend magnet and identify north-pointing end
- Label north and south poles correctly

What are magnetic poles and how can they be identified?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 149
- Iron filings
- Pole identification materials

- Practical work - Written tests - Pole identification assessment

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Magnetic strength and measurement
Magnetism - Basic law of magnetism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate magnetic strength
- Compare strength of different magnets
- Understand factors affecting magnetic strength

- Use spring balance to measure magnetic strength
- Attach magnets to steel surfaces and measure detachment force
- Compare readings for different magnets
- Identify strongest magnets

How can magnetic strength be measured and compared?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 150
- Spring balance
- Various magnets
- Master Integrated Science pg. 151
- Multiple bar magnets
- Law formulation materials

- Assessment rubrics - Measurement skills - Data analysis

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Magnetic and non-magnetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify materials as magnetic or non-magnetic
- Test materials with magnets
- Understand material properties

- Collect various materials from school environment
- Test each material with suspended magnet
- Classify materials into magnetic and non-magnetic
- Create classification table

How can materials be classified based on their response to magnets?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 152
- Collection of materials
- Classification tables

- Practical work - Classification skills - Material testing

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Testing household materials
Magnetism - Uses of magnets in separation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Apply magnetic testing to household items
- Extend classification skills
- Connect learning to home environment

- Test household items with parent/guardian permission
- Use magnet to classify household materials
- Record observations in table format
- Share findings with classmates

What household materials are magnetic or non-magnetic?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 153
- Household materials
- Home testing permissions
- Master Integrated Science pg. 154
- Application examples
- Magnetic toys

- Home-school connection - Extended classification - Family involvement

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Magnets in technology and navigation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Understand magnets in speakers and compasses
- Appreciate magnetic navigation
- Connect magnetism to technology

- Explain magnetic demonstrations and magic tricks
- Suggest magnetic solutions for practical problems
- Study magnetic compass operations
- Research technological applications

How do magnets work in speakers, compasses, and other technologies?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 155
- Magnetic compass
- Speaker demonstrations

- Assessment rubrics - Technology connections - Research skills

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Practical applications and problem solving
Magnetism - Review and integration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Apply magnetic knowledge to solve problems
- Design magnetic solutions
- Demonstrate creative thinking

- Listen to resource person on magnet applications
- Create posters on daily life uses of magnets
- Solve practical problems using magnets
- Design magnetic devices for specific purposes

How can magnetic knowledge be used to solve real-world problems?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 156
- Problem-solving scenarios
- Design materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 157
- Review materials
- Assessment questions

- Problem-solving assessment - Design evaluation - Creative thinking

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Extension and research
Magnetism - Innovation and creativity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Research advanced magnetic concepts
- Explore magnetic technologies
- Demonstrate expertise in magnetism

- Research electromagnets and magnetic levitation
- Study magnetic storage devices
- Investigate magnetic medical applications
- Create advanced magnetic projects

How are advanced magnetic technologies changing our world?

- Advanced magnetic resources
- Research materials
- Technology examples
- Innovation materials
- Design supplies
- Presentation tools

- Research projects - Technology analysis - Advanced applications

Force and Energy

Force and Energy Integration - Connecting electrical energy and magnetism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Connect electrical energy and magnetism concepts
- Understand electromagnetic relationships
- Integrate Force and Energy strand learning

- Compare electrical and magnetic forces
- Explore connections between electricity and magnetism
- Investigate electromagnetic devices
- Create integrated concept maps

How are electrical energy and magnetism related?

- Integration materials
- Electromagnetic examples
- Concept mapping tools

- Integration assessment - Concept understanding - Relationship analysis

Force and Energy

Force and Energy Integration - Comprehensive review and assessment
Force and Energy Integration - Real-world applications and careers
Force and Energy Integration - Future learning and reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate mastery of entire Force and Energy strand
- Apply concepts to complex problems
- Show readiness for advanced physics concepts

- Complete comprehensive Force and Energy assessment
- Solve complex problems involving electricity and magnetism
- Demonstrate practical skills in both areas
- Reflect on strand learning

What have I learned about Force and Energy and how will this help in future studies?

- Comprehensive assessment materials
- Complex problem scenarios
- Reflection guides
- Career information
- Field trip resources
- Community connections
- Reflection portfolios
- Goal-setting materials
- STEM pathway information

- Summative assessment - Practical skills evaluation - Future readiness assessment