Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Definition of Market

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term market as an institution for exchange of goods and services. Distinguish between a perfect and an imperfect market.

Q/A on students' understanding of buying and selling. Teacher explains market as institution where buyers and sellers carry out business transactions. Discussion on perfect market conditions where any buyer can purchase from any seller at same prices versus imperfect market characteristics.

Charts showing market scenarios, local market examples

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Page 126

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Marketing Definition and Functions
Monopolistic Competition
Oligopoly and Monopsony

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define marketing and describe marketing function.

Study marketing as flow of goods and services from producer to consumer. Explanation of marketing functions as activities involved in marketing process. Students identify local marketing activities and relate to textbook definitions.

Marketing flow charts, local examples
Market structure diagrams, business examples
Market comparison charts, case studies

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Page 126

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Definition and Law of Demand
Demand Schedule and Curves
Factors Influencing Demand

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term demand. State and explain the law of demand.

Study demand as quantity of goods consumers are willing and able to buy at specific price in given market and time. Examination of Figure 6.1 showing inverse relationship between demand and price. Discussion on difference between demand and want, effective demand concept.

Figure 6.1 from textbook, demand examples
Graph paper, rulers, sample demand data
Examples of local agricultural commodities, factor charts

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 127-128

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Elasticity of Demand
Types of Elasticity of Demand

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define elasticity of demand. Calculate elasticity of demand.

Study elasticity as degree of responsiveness of demand to price change. Practice calculating Ed using textbook bread example: 1000 loaves at Ksh 20 versus 600 loaves at Ksh 23. Students work through calculation steps and interpret results.

Calculators, textbook examples, calculation worksheets
Figures 6.3-6.6 from textbook, graph paper, rulers

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 130-132

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Factors Affecting Elasticity of Demand

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors affecting elasticity of demand.

Study six factors determining elasticity: availability of substitutes, degree of necessity, number of uses a product can be put to, time lag, time span, proportion of expenditure. Discussion using examples like table salt versus luxury commodities. Students classify local commodities by elasticity type.

Local commodity examples, classification charts

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Page 133

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Supply Definition and Law
Elasticity of Supply

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term supply. State and explain factors affecting supply of a commodity.

Study supply as quantity producers are willing to sell at specified prices in given market and time. Examination of Figure 6.7 showing direct relationship between price and supply. Study Table 6.1 supply schedule for meat. Analysis of ten factors affecting supply including number of sellers, technology, weather, government policy.

Figure 6.7, Table 6.1 from textbook, supply examples
Calculators, textbook examples, calculation worksheets

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 133-135

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Price Theory and Market Equilibrium

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how market prices are determined.

Study price as amount of money paid for goods or services. Examination of Figure 6.9 showing demand-supply relationship in determining equilibrium price. Discussion on price control, government intervention, and liberalization effects on agricultural commodity pricing.

Figure 6.9 from textbook, price examples

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 136-138

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Marketing Functions
Marketing Organizations and Agencies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the functions of marketing.

Study eleven marketing functions: buying and assembling, transporting and distributing, storage, packing, processing, grading and standardisation, packaging, collecting market information, selling, financing, bearing of risks. Students relate functions to local agricultural marketing examples.

Charts showing marketing functions, local examples
Examples of local marketing agents, organizational charts

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 138-141

Agricultural Economics V (Agricultural Marketing and Organisations)

Agricultural Organizations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the functions of Kenya Sugar Authority, Horticultural Crops Development Authority, AFC, ADC, and KMC. Outline the principles of co-operatives. Cite examples of organizations that help farmers in marketing their produce.

Study functions of statutory boards: National Irrigation Board, NCPB, Kenya Sisal Board, Coffee Board, Pyrethrum Board, Cotton Board, Kenya Sugar Authority, HCDA, AFC, ADC, KMC. Examination of co-operative principles: open membership, equal rights, share limit, interest on shares, withdrawal rights, loyalty, education, non-profit motive. Study ASK, 4-K Clubs, Young Farmers Clubs, KNFP, agricultural women groups functions.

List of statutory boards, co-operative examples, youth organization materials

KLB Secondary Agriculture Form 4, Pages 143-150