CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - ecological requirements and varieties
Maize - land preparation and planting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for maize production. Identify different maize varieties grown in Kenya. Distinguish between hybrids and composites. Explain adaptation of varieties to specific ecological zones.

Exposition of maize growing conditions. Discussion on variety selection. Examination of different maize varieties.

Charts showing ecological zones, maize variety samples, maps of Kenya showing maize growing areas
Farm tools, certified maize seeds, measuring equipment, charts showing planting procedures

KLB BK III Pg 198-200

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - field operations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain fertilizer application methods and timing in maize. Describe weed control methods in maize production. Outline the importance of proper field management. State recommended fertilizer rates for maize.

Exposition of fertilizer application. Discussion on weed control methods. Demonstration of fertilizer calculation.

Fertilizer samples, calculators, charts showing application methods, herbicide containers

KLB BK III Pg 201-202

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - pest and disease control
Finger millet production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major pests affecting maize including stalk borers and army worms. Describe damage caused by maize pests. Explain control methods for maize pests. State symptoms and control of maize diseases.

Examination of pest-damaged maize specimens. Discussion on pest identification. Brain storming on control methods.

Pictures of maize pests, damaged maize plants, pest control chemicals
Finger millet samples, charts showing ecological requirements, pictures of finger millet fields

KLB BK III Pg 202-204

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Finger millet - field management and pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fertilizer application in finger millet. Explain weed control challenges in finger millet. Identify pests and diseases affecting finger millet. Outline harvesting and storage methods.

Discussion on field management. Brain storming on pest control. Exposition of harvesting methods.

Fertilizer samples, finger millet storage containers, pictures of head blast disease

KLB BK III Pg 206-207

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Bulrush millet and sorghum production
Sorghum - pest and disease control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare ecological requirements of bulrush millet and sorghum. Identify varieties of bulrush millet and sorghum. Describe land preparation for these crops. Explain advantages of growing drought-resistant crops.

Comparative discussion on crop requirements. Examination of millet and sorghum specimens. Brain storming on drought tolerance.

Bulrush millet and sorghum samples, charts comparing crop characteristics
Pictures of quelea birds, damaged sorghum plants, sorghum harvesting tools

KLB BK III Pg 207-210

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Beans production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for beans production. Identify bean varieties including dry beans and French beans. Describe land preparation and planting methods for beans. Explain importance of beans as protein source.

Exposition of bean growing conditions. Discussion on variety selection. Examination of different bean varieties.

Different bean variety samples, charts showing ecological requirements

KLB BK III Pg 211-212

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Beans - field operations and pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe field operations in beans including weeding and irrigation. Identify pests and diseases affecting beans. Explain control methods for bean diseases including halo blight and anthracnose. Outline harvesting methods for dry and green beans.

Discussion on field management. Case study of bean diseases. Brain storming on disease control.

Pictures of bean diseases, diseased bean specimens, irrigation equipment

KLB BK III Pg 212-214

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Rice production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for rice production. Describe rice irrigation schemes in Kenya. Explain land preparation and water control in rice. State fertilizer application methods in rice production.

Exposition of rice growing conditions. Discussion on irrigation importance. Case study of Mwea rice scheme.

Maps showing rice schemes, pictures of rice fields, water control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 214-215

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - cotton and pyrethrum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods and procedures for cotton. Explain grading of cotton during harvesting. Outline harvesting methods for pyrethrum flowers. State precautions during harvesting of these crops.

Demonstration of cotton grading. Discussion on harvesting procedures. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Cotton samples showing different grades, pyrethrum flowers, harvesting baskets

KLB BK III Pg 215-217

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - cotton and pyrethrum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods and procedures for cotton. Explain grading of cotton during harvesting. Outline harvesting methods for pyrethrum flowers. State precautions during harvesting of these crops.

Demonstration of cotton grading. Discussion on harvesting procedures. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Cotton samples showing different grades, pyrethrum flowers, harvesting baskets

KLB BK III Pg 215-217

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - sugarcane and coffee

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods for sugarcane including maturation indicators. Explain procedures for coffee cherry harvesting. State quality factors in coffee harvesting. Outline precautions during harvesting of tree crops.

Discussion on crop maturation signs. Examination of coffee cherries at different stages. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Sugarcane samples, coffee cherries at different ripeness stages, harvesting tools

KLB BK III Pg 217-218

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - tea

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe tea harvesting methods and procedures. Explain factors affecting tea quality during harvesting. State the importance of proper plucking in tea. Outline precautions during tea harvesting and transportation.

Demonstration of proper tea plucking. Discussion on quality factors. Brain storming on harvesting intervals.

Tea plucking stick, tea baskets, fresh tea specimens showing different plucking standards

KLB BK III Pg 218-219

FORAGE CROPS

Introduction and pasture classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define forage crops and distinguish between forage and fodder crops. Define pasture and classify pastures according to stand, establishment and ecological zones. Explain the difference between natural and artificial pastures. Give examples of pastures at different altitudes.

Exposition of forage concepts. Discussion on pasture classification. Examination of grass and legume specimens from different zones.

Charts showing pasture classification, specimens of grasses and legumes, altitude maps

KLB BK III Pg 218-222

FORAGE CROPS

Pasture establishment and planting materials
Fertilizer application and legume inoculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe methods of pasture establishment using seeds, rhizomes and splits. Explain land preparation procedures for pastures. Outline sowing methods including direct sowing, undersowing and oversowing. State seed rates and quality standards for pasture crops.

Demonstration of land preparation and establishment methods. Discussion on sowing method selection. Examination of different planting materials.

Farm tools, pasture seeds, rhizomes, splits, charts showing sowing methods
Fertilizer samples, rhizobium inoculant, charts showing nitrogen fixation, legume nodules

KLB BK III Pg 222-226

FORAGE CROPS

Pasture management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify effects of weeds on pasture productivity and explain control measures. Describe top dressing procedures and reasons. Explain topping, reseeding and controlled grazing methods. State pest control measures in pastures.

Brain storming on weed problems and management practices. Discussion on fertilizer selection and grazing control. Demonstration of management principles.

Pictures of pasture weeds, fertilizer samples, slashing tools, charts showing management practices

KLB BK III Pg 227-230

FORAGE CROPS

Pasture utilization and defoliation
Carrying capacity and grazing systems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting forage quality including digestibility. Describe effects of early and late defoliation on pastures. Define frequency and intensity of defoliation. State proper grazing intervals for different pastures.

Exposition of forage quality factors. Discussion on defoliation effects and optimal timing. Brain storming on grazing management.

Charts showing defoliation effects, pasture quality samples, grazing schedules
Calculators, carrying capacity charts, paddocking diagrams, pictures of grazing methods

KLB BK III Pg 230-232

FORAGE CROPS

Napier grass production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for napier grass. Distinguish between French Cameroon and Bana grass varieties. Describe land preparation and planting procedures. Explain fertilizer application, weed control and defoliation management.

Exposition of napier grass characteristics. Discussion on variety selection and management. Demonstration of planting procedures.

Napier grass specimens, stem cuttings with nodes, fertilizer samples, cutting tools

KLB BK III Pg 237-240

FORAGE CROPS

Other fodder crops
Agroforestry fodder and conservation introduction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain ecological requirements for Guatemala grass and mangolds. Describe characteristics and management of Kenya white clover. Outline establishment and utilization of lucerne and desmodium varieties. State advantages of leguminous fodder crops.

Discussion on fodder crop selection. Examination of various fodder crop specimens. Brain storming on nitrogen fixation benefits.

Guatemala grass specimens, mangold samples, clover and lucerne specimens, desmodium varieties
Leucaenia and calliandra samples, charts showing conservation methods, seasonal feed charts

KLB BK III Pg 240-244

FORAGE CROPS

Hay making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe hay making procedures and steps. Outline factors determining hay quality including species and harvesting stage. Explain proper drying and storage methods for hay. State advantages and disadvantages of hay making.

Discussion on hay making steps. Exposition of quality factors. Brain storming on quality maintenance during storage.

Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 245-247

FORAGE CROPS

Hay making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe hay making procedures and steps. Outline factors determining hay quality including species and harvesting stage. Explain proper drying and storage methods for hay. State advantages and disadvantages of hay making.

Discussion on hay making steps. Exposition of quality factors. Brain storming on quality maintenance during storage.

Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 245-247

FORAGE CROPS

Silage making and silo types

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe silage making process and advantages over hay. Compare different types of silos including trench, clamp and tower silos. Explain steps followed in making silage. State principles of silage preservation and fermentation.

Discussion on silage advantages. Examination of silo diagrams. Exposition of fermentation principles and preservation.

Charts showing silo types, silage samples, fermentation diagrams, pH testing materials

KLB BK III Pg 247-249

FORAGE CROPS

Silage quality and requirements calculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting silage quality and use of additives. Describe silage losses and prevention methods. Calculate silage requirements based on animal dry matter needs. Outline standing forage as alternative conservation method.

Calculation exercises on silage requirements. Discussion on quality factors and additive use. Brain storming on loss prevention strategies.

Calculators, silage quality charts, additive samples, measurement tools, calculation worksheets

KLB BK III Pg 249-250

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Introduction to livestock diseases and observable conditions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define disease and distinguish between symptoms and signs. Identify observable conditions for detecting disease including pulse rate, temperature, and body condition. Explain disease-causing organisms and predisposing factors. State the role of vectors in disease transmission.

Exposition of disease concepts. Discussion on disease symptoms. Brain storming on predisposing factors. Demonstration of animal observation techniques.

Charts showing disease symptoms, thermometer, pictures of sick animals, disease organism diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 250-251

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Terms used in livestock diseases
Classification and protozoan diseases - ECF and anaplasmosis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define incubation period and mortality in disease outbreaks. Distinguish between curative and preventive treatment. Explain natural and artificial immunity types. Describe vaccines and their mode of action.

Exposition of disease terminology. Discussion on immunity types. Brain storming on treatment approaches. Question and answer on disease terms.

Charts showing immunity types, vaccine samples, timeline charts for incubation periods
Disease classification charts, tick specimens, pictures of ECF symptoms, maps showing disease distribution

KLB BK III Pg 251-252

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Protozoan diseases - coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis
Bacterial diseases - mastitis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe coccidiosis in young animals including symptoms and control. Explain trypanosomiasis (nagana) transmission by tsetse flies. Identify symptoms of trypanosomiasis in different animals. Outline control measures for vector-borne diseases.

Discussion on young animal diseases. Case study of trypanosomiasis control. Examination of disease symptoms pictures. Brain storming on vector control.

Pictures of coccidiosis symptoms, tsetse fly specimens, maps showing trypanosomiasis areas, drug samples
Pictures of mastitis symptoms, milk samples showing mastitis, milking equipment, antibiotic samples

KLB BK III Pg 254-255

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - fowl typhoid and foot rot

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fowl typhoid symptoms and control in poultry. Explain foot rot in cloven-hoofed animals. Identify predisposing factors for foot rot including wet conditions. State control measures including foot baths and hoof trimming.

Discussion on poultry diseases. Examination of foot rot symptoms. Demonstration of hoof trimming principles. Brain storming on hygiene importance.

Pictures of fowl typhoid symptoms, foot rot specimens, hoof trimming tools, foot bath chemicals

KLB BK III Pg 257-259

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - contagious abortion and scours
Bacterial diseases - black quarter, anthrax and pneumonia

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe contagious abortion (brucellosis) as zoonotic disease. Explain symptoms including abortion and retained placenta. Describe scours in young animals and predisposing factors. Outline control measures including vaccination and hygiene.

Discussion on zoonotic diseases. Case study of brucellosis control. Examination of scours symptoms. Brain storming on young animal management.

Charts showing brucellosis transmission, pictures of scours symptoms, vaccination schedules, hygiene materials
Pictures of black quarter symptoms, anthrax control procedures, vaccination equipment, ventilation diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 259-261

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - rinderpest and foot and mouth disease

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe rinderpest as highly contagious notifiable disease. Explain foot and mouth disease transmission and symptoms. Identify animals affected by viral diseases. Outline control measures including vaccination and quarantine.

Discussion on viral disease characteristics. Examination of viral disease symptoms. Brain storming on quarantine importance. Case study of disease outbreaks.

Pictures of rinderpest symptoms, foot and mouth disease lesions, quarantine procedures, vaccination records

KLB BK III Pg 263-265

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - Newcastle, fowl pox and Gumboro

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Newcastle disease symptoms and high mortality. Explain fowl pox types including cutaneous and diphtheritic forms. Describe Gumboro disease affecting immune system. State control measures for poultry viral diseases.

Discussion on poultry viral diseases. Examination of fowl pox lesions. Brain storming on vaccination schedules. Case study of Gumboro (poultry AIDS).

Pictures of Newcastle symptoms, fowl pox lesions, Gumboro symptoms, poultry vaccination equipment

KLB BK III Pg 265-267

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - African swine fever

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe African swine fever as highly contagious disease of pigs. Explain transmission through direct contact and vectors. Identify symptoms including fever and respiratory distress. Outline control measures including quarantine and culling.

Discussion on swine diseases. Case study of African swine fever outbreaks. Brain storming on pig management. Exposition of disease control strategies.

Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 267-268

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe milk fever as calcium deficiency in dairy cows. Explain symptoms including muscle twitching and paralysis. Describe bloat as gas accumulation in rumen. Outline treatment methods including calcium injection and gas release techniques.

Discussion on nutritional disorders. Demonstration of calcium injection principles. Brain storming on nutritional management. Case study of bloat treatment.

Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 268-270

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe milk fever as calcium deficiency in dairy cows. Explain symptoms including muscle twitching and paralysis. Describe bloat as gas accumulation in rumen. Outline treatment methods including calcium injection and gas release techniques.

Discussion on nutritional disorders. Demonstration of calcium injection principles. Brain storming on nutritional management. Case study of bloat treatment.

Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 268-270