Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Meaning of economic resources
Economic Resources - Classification of economic resources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of economic resources
- Identify characteristics of economic resources
- Value the importance of economic resources

- Discuss and present on the meaning of economic resources
- Use print or digital media to search for information on the characteristics of economic resources
- Share findings with peers

What are economic resources?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 43
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 44
- Case studies
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Metallic and non-metallic materials
Economic Resources - Distribution of economic resources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic materials as economic resources
- Identify examples of metallic and non-metallic materials
- Show interest in learning about different materials

- Discuss metallic and non-metallic materials as economic resources
- Sort materials as either metallic or non-metallic
- Create a comparison chart of metallic and non-metallic materials

What are the key differences between metallic and non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 45
- Sample materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 46
- Maps
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Sustainable use of economic resources
Economic Resources - Community involvement in resource management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse sustainable ways of using economic resources in Kenya
- Explain principles of sustainable resource use
- Practice sustainable use of economic resources

- Brainstorm and present sustainable ways of using economic resources in Kenya
- Discuss examples of sustainable and unsustainable resource use
- Create awareness posters on sustainable resource use

How can economic resources be used sustainably?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 47
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 48
- Case studies

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials
Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Magnetism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of metallic materials used in a work environment
- Prepare a checklist for identifying metallic materials
- Show interest in metallic materials

- Use print or digital media to search for information on metallic materials
- Prepare a checklist for identifying types of metallic materials (steel, aluminum, copper)
- Identify metallic materials in pictures

What types of metallic materials are commonly used?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 50
- Sample metallic materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 51
- Magnets
- Data recording sheets

- Observation - Practical assessment - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Conductivity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine conductivity as a property of metallic materials
- Test different metals for heat and electrical conductivity
- Value the conductive properties of metals

- Perform practical activities to examine the conductivity of heat and electricity in metallic materials
- Test steel, aluminum, and copper for conductivity
- Record and analyze observations

How does conductivity vary among different metals?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 52
- Sample metallic materials
- Conductivity testing equipment
- Safety gear

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Other physical properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of metallic materials
- Compare properties of different metals
- Show interest in examining material properties

- Discuss the physical properties of metallic materials
- Compare the weight, color, and texture of different metals
- Create a properties chart for steel, aluminum, and copper

How do physical properties determine the uses of metals?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 53
- Sample metallic materials
- Testing tools
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of steel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate steel to its uses in a work environment
- Identify products made from steel
- Appreciate the versatility of steel in production

- Match metallic materials to their use in the work environment
- Identify products made from steel
- Discuss why steel is suitable for specific applications

How is steel used in construction and manufacturing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 54
- Sample steel products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of aluminum and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate aluminum and copper to their uses
- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Appreciate the unique properties of these metals

- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Create a poster matching these metals to their uses
- Discuss why certain products are made from specific metals

Why are aluminum and copper preferred for specific applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Sample aluminum and copper products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Applications in local environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of metallic materials in the local environment
- Explain how metallic properties determine their uses
- Value the importance of metals in daily life

- Visit local environments to identify metallic materials in use
- Discuss the relationship between properties and applications
- Create a presentation on local uses of metallic materials

How do metallic materials contribute to our local infrastructure?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Digital cameras
- Field notebooks
- Presentation materials

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Creating charts and posters

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create informative charts about metallic materials
- Present information on metals clearly and accurately
- Show creativity in presenting information

- Create charts showing properties of metallic materials
- Design posters matching metals to their uses
- Present charts and posters to the class

How can we effectively communicate information about metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Art supplies
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Online research and presentations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information on metallic materials online
- Organize and present research findings
- Appreciate metals in production

- Search online for additional uses of steel, aluminum, and copper
- Organize findings into a structured presentation
- Share research with classmates

What innovative uses of metals are emerging in industry?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Presentation software

- Research assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Types of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify non-metallic materials found in the locality
- Explain the meaning of non-metallic materials
- Show interest in non-metallic materials

- Use print or digital media to search for information on non-metallic materials
- Discuss non-metallic materials (wood, stone, plastics, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramics)
- Identify non-metallic materials in pictures

What types of non-metallic materials are commonly used?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 56
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Classification of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorise non-metallic materials as either synthetic or natural
- Differentiate between natural and synthetic materials
- Appreciate both natural and synthetic materials

- Sort non-metallic materials as either synthetic or natural
- Discuss characteristics of natural and synthetic materials
- Create classification charts for non-metallic materials

What are the differences between natural and synthetic non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 57
- Sample materials
- Digital resources
- Classification charts

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Color and texture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Examine these properties through practical activities
- Value the diversity of non-metallic materials

- Perform practical activities to examine the color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Record observations in a table format
- Compare properties of different non-metallic materials

How do color and texture influence the use of non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 58
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Observation tools
- Recording sheets

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Color and texture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Examine these properties through practical activities
- Value the diversity of non-metallic materials

- Perform practical activities to examine the color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Record observations in a table format
- Compare properties of different non-metallic materials

How do color and texture influence the use of non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 58
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Observation tools
- Recording sheets

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Hardness and fire resistance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe hardness and fire resistance of non-metallic materials
- Test materials for these properties
- Show concern for safety during testing

- Perform practical activities to examine the hardness of non-metallic materials
- Test fire resistance of non-metallic materials (with teacher supervision)
- Record and analyze observations

Why is fire resistance important in certain materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 59
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Testing tools
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood and stone

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate wood and stone to their uses in the locality
- Match these materials to appropriate applications
- Appreciate the versatility of these materials

- Match non-metallic materials to their uses in the locality
- Discuss uses of wood and stone in construction and furniture
- Create a poster showing applications of wood and stone

How have wood and stone been used historically and in modern construction?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 60
- Sample wood and stone products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of plastics and rubber

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate plastics and rubber to their uses
- Identify products made from these materials
- Show concern for environmental impact of these materials

- Identify products made from plastics and rubber
- Discuss applications based on their properties
- Debate on environmental concerns related to plastic use

What makes plastics and rubber suitable for specific applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 61
- Sample plastic and rubber products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of paper, cement, glass, and ceramics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate paper, cement, glass, and ceramics to their uses
- Match these materials to appropriate applications
- Appreciate the importance of these materials

- Identify products made from paper, cement, glass, and ceramics
- Discuss why these materials are suitable for specific applications
- Create a chart matching materials to their uses

How do the properties of these materials determine their applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 62
- Sample products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production
Tools and Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Community walk and resource identification
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify non-metallic materials in the community
- Categorize materials observed in the environment
- Value non-metallic materials in production

- Take a walk around the community to identify non-metallic materials
- Categorize observed materials as natural or synthetic
- Create a community resource map

How prevalent are different non-metallic materials in our community?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 62
- Field notebooks
- Digital cameras
- Mapping materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 63
- Measuring tools
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify marking out tools in the work environment
- Explain the purpose of different marking out tools
- Value the importance of precision in marking

- Use visual aids and realia to identify marking out tools (divider, try-square, marking gauge, dot punch, scriber, pencil, marking knife)
- Discuss what each marking out tool is used for
- Find information about various marking out tools

How do marking out tools enhance precision in work?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 64
- Marking out tools
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Selection of appropriate measuring tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Selection of appropriate marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select measuring tools for given tasks
- Match tools with appropriate measurements
- Show interest in proper tool selection

- Discuss how to choose the appropriate measuring tool for a given task
- Analyze scenarios requiring specific measuring tools
- Practice selecting appropriate tools for different measurements

How do we choose the right measuring tool for a specific task?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 65
- Measuring tools
- Task cards
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 66
- Marking out tools

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a tape measure
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a steel rule

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a tape measure to perform a given task
- Demonstrate proper technique for using tape measures
- Value precision in measurement

- Demonstrate the use of measuring tools to perform specific tasks
- Practice using a tape measure to measure various objects
- Record measurements accurately

How do we ensure accurate measurements using a tape measure?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 67
- Tape measures
- Objects to measure
- Recording sheets
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 68
- Steel rules

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using vernier callipers
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using time and electrical measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use callipers to perform a given task
- Measure internal and external dimensions using callipers
- Appreciate the precision of callipers

- Demonstrate the use of vernier callipers
- Practice measuring external diameters, internal diameters, and depths
- Record and analyze measurements

How do vernier callipers provide higher precision than standard rules?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 69
- Vernier callipers
- Objects to measure
- Recording sheets
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 70
- Stopwatches
- Ammeters and voltmeters
- Electrical components

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a divider

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a divider to perform a given task
- Mark equal distances using a divider
- Show interest in precision marking

- Demonstrate the use of a divider
- Practice marking equal distances on various materials
- Create designs using dividers for accurate spacing

How does a divider help in creating precise equal divisions?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 71
- Dividers
- Materials for marking
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a try-square

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a try-square to perform a given task
- Check for squareness and mark right angles
- Appreciate precision in right-angle marking

- Demonstrate the use of a try-square
- Practice checking squareness of objects
- Mark 90-degree lines on various materials

Why is squareness important in construction and manufacturing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 72
- Try-squares
- Materials for marking
- Sample objects

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking gauge

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a marking gauge to perform a given task
- Mark parallel lines at specific distances
- Show interest in parallel line marking

- Demonstrate the use of a marking gauge
- Practice setting the gauge and marking parallel lines
- Create projects requiring parallel line marking

How does a marking gauge ensure consistent parallel lines?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 73
- Marking gauges
- Materials for marking
- Sample projects

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a dot punch

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a dot punch to perform a given task
- Create precise indentations for drilling
- Value the importance of precise starting points

- Demonstrate the use of a dot punch
- Practice creating indentations on materials
- Discuss the importance of center-punching before drilling

Why is center-punching important before drilling operations?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 74
- Dot punches
- Hammers
- Materials for marking

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a scriber and marking knife

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a scriber and marking knife to perform tasks
- Create precise marking lines on different materials
- Show concern for safety when using sharp tools

- Demonstrate the use of a scriber and marking knife
- Practice creating marking lines on various materials
- Discuss safety precautions when using these tools

How do scribers and marking knives differ in their applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 75
- Scribers and marking knives
- Materials for marking
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Care for measuring tools in the work environment
- Explain proper storage and maintenance procedures
- Value tool maintenance for longevity

- Practice cleaning measuring tools
- Demonstrate proper storage of measuring tools
- Discuss maintenance routines for different tools

Why is proper care of measuring tools important?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 76
- Measuring tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Storage containers

- Practical assessment - Observation - Question and answer

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Care for marking out tools in the work environment
- Explain proper storage and maintenance procedures
- Appreciate the importance of tool maintenance

- Practice cleaning marking out tools
- Demonstrate proper storage of marking out tools
- Discuss sharpening and maintenance routines

How does proper maintenance affect the precision of marking tools?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 77
- Marking out tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Maintenance tools

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Importance of measuring and marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of measuring and marking out tools
- Discuss how these tools improve quality of work
- Recognize the importance of these tools

- Discuss the importance of measuring and marking out tools when performing tasks
- Create charts showing the importance of these tools
- Discuss accuracy, consistency, and efficiency benefits

Why are measuring and marking out tools essential in production?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 78
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
- Digital resources

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Field visit and tool observation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify tools used in real work environments
- Explain how professionals use these tools
- Value precision tools in professional work

- Visit local workshops or production facilities
- Observe professionals using measuring and marking tools
- Document and report on tool usage in real environments

How do professionals use measuring and marking tools in their daily work?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 79
- Field notebooks
- Digital cameras
- Reference materials

- Observation - Written report - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Application in project planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply measuring and marking skills to project planning
- Design a simple project requiring these tools
- Show creativity in project design

- Identify a simple hands-on project to work on
- Sketch a plan with measurements and design features
- Discuss required measuring and marking tools for the project

How do measuring and marking tools contribute to successful project completion?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 80
- Project materials
- Drawing supplies
- Measuring and marking tools

- Project assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Meaning of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer hardware
- Identify basic computer hardware components
- Show interest in computer hardware

- Brainstorm and discuss the meaning of computer hardware
- Observe and identify computer hardware components in pictures
- Find information on computer hardware from reliable sources

What constitutes computer hardware?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 85
- Computers and components
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Meaning of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer hardware
- Identify basic computer hardware components
- Show interest in computer hardware

- Brainstorm and discuss the meaning of computer hardware
- Observe and identify computer hardware components in pictures
- Find information on computer hardware from reliable sources

What constitutes computer hardware?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 85
- Computers and components
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Input devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify input devices used in computing
- Explain the function of various input devices
- Appreciate the diversity of input devices

- Identify and use input devices (keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone)
- Practice typing, using a mouse, scanning documents, and recording voice
- Discuss the function of each input device

How do input devices enable human-computer interaction?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 86
- Input devices
- Computers
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Output devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify output devices used in computing
- Explain the function of various output devices
- Value the role of output devices in computing

- Identify and use output devices (monitor, printer, speakers)
- Experience hard copy (printed) and soft copy (screen) outputs
- Compare different output methods

What distinguishes hard copy from soft copy output?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 87
- Output devices
- Computers
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify storage devices used in computing
- Differentiate between fixed and removable storage
- Show interest in data storage technologies

- Identify storage devices (hard drives, USB drives, memory cards, CDs/DVDs)
- Discuss the difference between fixed and removable storage
- Practice saving and retrieving files using different storage devices

How have storage devices evolved over time?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 88
- Storage devices
- Computers
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Categorizing hardware devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize computer hardware devices
- Match devices to their appropriate categories
- Appreciate the integrated nature of hardware systems

- Sort computer hardware devices into categories (input, output, storage)
- Create classification charts for hardware devices
- Discuss how different hardware components work together

How do hardware components work together as a system?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 89
- Computer hardware components
- Classification materials
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Using computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use computer hardware to perform tasks
- Connect and operate different hardware devices
- Value the efficiency of computer hardware

- Perform tasks using input devices (typing, scanning, etc.)
- Create outputs using output devices (printing, displaying on screen)
- Save and retrieve files using storage devices

How do we select appropriate hardware for specific tasks?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 90
- Computer hardware
- Task cards
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Importance of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss the importance of computer hardware
- Explain how hardware enables computing tasks
- Recognize the value of hardware in computing

- Discuss the importance of computer hardware devices in a user environment
- Create summaries and charts on the importance of computer hardware
- Present findings to the class

Why is computer hardware essential in modern society?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 91
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
- Digital resources

- Question and answer - Presentation assessment - Written test