Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Components of Pre-Technical Studies
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Role in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Identify the components of Pre-Technical Studies
- Show interest in learning about Pre-Technical Studies

- Study pictures showing Technical Studies, Computer Studies and Business Studies
- Discuss in groups what makes up Pre-Technical Studies
- Prepare a chart on components of Pre-Technical Studies

What are the parts that make up Pre-Technical Studies?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 1
- Charts
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 3
- Pictures
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Chart display

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Practical skills in day-to-day life
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Career development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how Pre-Technical Studies develops practical skills
- Apply Pre-Technical Studies knowledge to identify repairs needed at home
- Value the role of Pre-Technical Studies in making us independent

- With a parent or guardian, identify items that need repair at home
- Write how Pre-Technical Studies skills assist in repairs and maintenance
- Share work with peers in class

How can Pre-Technical Studies skills help with repairs at home?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 4
- Home environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 5
- Internet access
- Career brochures

- Written assignments - Peer assessment - Oral questions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Meaning of safety threats
Safety in the Immediate Environment - Physical safety threats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the term safety threat
- Distinguish between physical and online safety threats
- Show awareness of potential dangers in the environment

- Read and discuss the meaning of threat, physical threat and online threat
- Identify safety threats from pictures
- List down safety threats discussed

What is a safety threat?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 6
- Pictures
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 7
- School environment
- Exercise books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Physical threats to digital devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe physical threats to digital devices
- Explain how theft, natural disasters and hardware failure affect digital devices
- Value the importance of protecting digital devices

- Discuss physical threats to digital devices (theft, natural disasters, hardware failure)
- Use print or digital media to search for information on physical threats to digital devices
- Write short notes on findings

How can physical threats damage our digital devices?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 8
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Observation

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Online safety threats
Safety in the Immediate Environment - Safety rules and regulations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain online safety threats (cyberbullying, impersonation, phishing, hacking, friend requests from unknown people)
- Demonstrate ways to keep personal data safe online
- Show concern for online safety

- Search for information on online safety threats
- Discuss ways to keep personal and sensitive data from the public when online
- Share findings with classmates

How can online threats put us at risk?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 9
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 10
- Charts
- Drawing materials

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Importance of observing safety
Computer Concepts - Meaning of computer, data and information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of observing safety in the immediate environment
- Role-play situations requiring safety observation
- Acknowledge safety as everyone's shared responsibility

- Visit a school laboratory or workshop to gather information on safety observation
- Role-play situations requiring safety for self and others
- Discuss importance of observing safety at home, school and technical workplaces

Why is observing safety important for everyone?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 11
- School laboratory/workshop
- Safety attires
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 12
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Role play - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (Speed, Accuracy, Versatility, Reliability)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain speed, accuracy, versatility and reliability as characteristics of computers
- Demonstrate understanding of computer characteristics through practical activities
- Appreciate the unique features of computers

- Study the mind map showing characteristics of computers
- Compare calculating a sum manually versus using a calculator
- Check for mistakes in a sentence manually and using a computer

What makes computers fast and accurate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 14
- Calculators
- Computers

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical activities

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (Diligence, Storage, Consistency)
Computer Concepts - Classification based on functionality and purpose

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain diligence, storage and consistency as characteristics of computers
- Demonstrate how computers store data and maintain consistency
- Value the dependability of computers in performing tasks

- Discuss whether computers get tired after working for long
- Find out how many contacts a mobile phone can store
- Perform the same task multiple times on a computer and observe consistency
- Create a chart showing characteristics of computers

How do computers store large amounts of data without errors?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 15
- Mobile phones
- Computers
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 16
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Internet access

- Chart display - Oral questions - Practical activities

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Classification based on size
Computer Concepts - Using computers and importance in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe classification of computers based on size
- Distinguish between microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers and supercomputers
- Appreciate the variety of computer types available

- Download and watch a video clip on classification of computers
- Discuss classification based on size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, supercomputers)
- Take a walk around school to identify available types of computers

How does the size of a computer relate to its power?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 17
- Video clips
- School computers
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 19
- Computers
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Field notes

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Importance of drawing as a means of communication
Introduction to Drawing - Difference between artistic and technical drawings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of drawing as a means of communication
- Draw simple pictures to communicate ideas and feelings
- Appreciate the role of drawing in expressing thoughts

- Discuss what different pictures communicate
- Draw simple pictures to communicate ideas such as a home, friendship or playing
- Walk around the school or community and identify different kinds of drawings

How can drawings help us share our thoughts and feelings?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 21
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 22
- Pictures
- Charts
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Drawing activities

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Lettering in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the importance of good lettering in drawing
- Print numbers and letters of the alphabet as used in drawing
- Value neatness and clarity in lettering

- Study information about lettering of titles and notes in drawing
- Practise printing each letter and digit
- Practise printing paragraphs and compare work with peers for feedback

Why is good lettering important in technical drawing?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 24
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Charts

- Observation - Practical work - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Types of lines and their application
Introduction to Drawing - Symbols used in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify types of lines used in drawing
- Draw various types of lines (thick and thin continuous, dashed and chain)
- Appreciate the application of different lines in technical drawing

- Discuss the differences between various types of lines
- Trace over each type of line with pencils
- Design a simple map using different line types to show boundaries and paths

How are different types of lines used in technical drawing?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 26
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Rulers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 28
- Charts

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Abbreviations and their applications
Free-hand Sketching - Meaning of free-hand sketching

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D) used in drawing
- Apply symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Appreciate the role of symbols and abbreviations in communication

- Read and discuss the meaning of abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D)
- Watch a video on applications of symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Write a summary on applications of symbols and abbreviations

Why do we use abbreviations in technical drawings?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 30
- Pictures
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Observation

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Box method and centreline method
Free-hand Sketching - Hand compass method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the box method and centreline method of free-hand sketching
- Apply the box method and centreline method in sketching
- Appreciate the usefulness of sketching techniques

- Watch a video showing how to use the box method to draw a figure
- Watch a video showing how to use the centreline method to draw a figure
- Practise using box method and centreline method to sketch objects

How do the box method and centreline method help in sketching?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 32
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 33

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Hatching and cross-hatching

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe hatching and cross-hatching as sketching techniques
- Apply hatching and cross-hatching to create shading in sketches
- Appreciate the effect of shading techniques in drawings

- Use print and digital media to search for information on hatching and cross-hatching
- Draw two circles and fill one using hatching and the other using cross-hatching
- Share work with peers for feedback

How do hatching and cross-hatching create shading effects?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 33
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Peer assessment - Observation

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Stippling and blending
Free-hand Sketching - Sketching straight lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe stippling and blending as sketching techniques
- Apply stippling and blending to create texture and shading
- Show creativity in using different sketching techniques

- Use print and digital media to search for information on stippling and blending
- Draw a fruit and shade it using stippling technique
- Draw a shape and use tissue or finger to blend and create smooth shading

How do stippling and blending enhance the appearance of sketches?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 34
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Tissue paper
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 35
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Improving line sketching skills
Free-hand Sketching - Sketching 2D shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain tips for improving sketching of straight lines
- Demonstrate correct pencil positioning and arm movement when sketching
- Value continuous practice in improving sketching skills

- Discuss tips for improving line sketching such as pencil grip and angle
- Practise drawing horizontal lines from left to right with free arm movement
- Practise drawing vertical lines downward with wrist and arm movement

How can we improve our line sketching skills?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 36
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Drawing curved lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the correct hand positioning when drawing curved lines
- Sketch curved lines and circular shapes using free-hand
- Show interest in mastering curved line techniques

- Discuss correct hand positioning when drawing curved lines
- Practise keeping hand on the inside of the curve when drawing
- Practise drawing circles and curved shapes

How should we position our hand when drawing curved lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Application in different careers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of free-hand sketching in communication
- Relate free-hand sketching to different career fields
- Appreciate the role of free-hand sketching in various professions

- Visit online galleries and observe free-hand sketches by artists
- Explore websites like Behance or Dribble to view portfolios from professionals
- Discuss how people in creative careers use sketching daily

How is free-hand sketching used in different careers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Meaning and importance of ICT tools
ICT Tools in Communication - Email

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define ICT tools as used in communication
- Explain the importance of ICT tools in communication
- Show interest in using ICT tools for communication

- Discuss what is happening in pictures showing video conferencing, emails, SMS and phone calls
- Find out the meaning of Information Communication Technology tools
- Discuss the importance of ICT tools in communication

What are ICT tools and why are they important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Computers
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Mobile phones
ICT Tools in Communication - Computers and web conferencing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe mobile phones as ICT tools used in communication
- Demonstrate how to make calls and send messages using mobile phones
- Value responsible use of mobile phones

- Discuss how mobile phones allow communication through voice calls, messages and video calls
- Organise a mock calling session using a mobile phone
- Practise sending messages to another group about a school-related topic

How do mobile phones help us communicate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Mobile phones
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Computers
- Internet access

- Practical work - Observation - Role play

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Social networking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain social networking as an ICT tool for communication
- Identify social networking platforms (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, X)
- Show awareness of responsible use of social media

- Discuss how social networking allows users to connect, communicate and share information
- Identify social networking platforms (Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, X)
- Discuss responsible use of social media platforms

How does social networking help people connect and communicate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Online collaboration
ICT Tools in Communication - Sending and receiving texts, calls and chats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain online collaboration as an ICT tool for communication
- Identify online collaboration tools (Google Workspace)
- Value teamwork through digital platforms

- Discuss how online collaboration enables people to work together on tasks from different locations
- Learn about online collaboration software like Google Workspace
- Participate in a group online chat discussion on a topic of interest

How does online collaboration help people work together?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Computers
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 42
- Mobile phones
- Computers

- Practical work - Observation - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies
Materials for Production

ICT Tools in Communication - Audio, animations and video
Introduction to Materials - Meaning of materials used in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how audio, animations and video enhance communication
- Use ICT tools to record and share audio and video messages
- Acknowledge the role of multimedia in modern communication

- Record an audio message sharing a fun fact and send to a classmate
- Create a short animation to share a simple message
- Record a short video introducing yourself and share with classmates

How do audio, animations and video enhance our communication?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 42
- Mobile phones
- Computers
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 43
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Examples of materials used in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify examples of materials used in production (wood, metal, plastic, fabric, paper)
- Match materials to items they are used to make
- Appreciate the variety of materials available for production

- Identify materials such as wood, metal, plastic, fabric and paper
- List materials used in production of furniture, cars, water bottles, tiles, clothes and shoes
- Walk around workshops in school or locality and identify materials for production

What materials are commonly used to make items we use daily?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 44
- Realia (wood, metal, plastic samples)
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Observation - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Distinguishing metallic and non-metallic materials
Introduction to Materials - Sustainable use of materials in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials
- Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic materials in the locality
- Value the unique properties of different materials

- Study pictures showing metallic and non-metallic materials
- Discuss which materials are hard to break and which can be bent without breaking
- Take a walk in school compound and community to identify and group materials as metallic or non-metallic

What are the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 45
- Metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, paper)
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 47
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Importance of materials in production
Introduction to Materials - Application of materials in everyday items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of materials in production
- Relate materials to the quality and durability of finished products
- Acknowledge the role of materials in manufacturing

- Name items made from different materials in the classroom
- Discuss how materials help items serve their purpose
- Search for information from print materials or internet on importance of materials in production

Why are materials important in the production of items?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 48
- Classroom items
- Internet access
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 49
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials
Metallic Materials - Identifying metallic materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify types of metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper) used in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to items made from them
- Show interest in learning about metals

- Study pictures showing items made from steel, aluminium and copper
- Discuss items made using steel, aluminium and copper
- Search on internet or print materials for information on metallic materials

What types of metallic materials are found in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 50
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Metallic samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 51
- School environment
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Appearance and colour of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the appearance and colour of metallic materials
- Observe and compare physical appearance of steel, aluminium and copper
- Value careful observation skills in identifying metals

- Get a steel spoon, aluminium can and copper wire and observe their physical appearance
- Describe the colour and appearance of each metal (shiny or dull)
- Record observations in exercise book

What do different metals look like?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel spoon
- Aluminium can
- Copper wire

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Weight and flexibility of metals
Metallic Materials - Magnetism of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the weight and flexibility of metallic materials
- Compare the weight and flexibility of steel, aluminium and copper
- Appreciate the different physical properties of metals

- Hold or weigh equal-sized samples of steel, aluminium and copper
- Identify which metal is light, slightly heavy or heavy
- Try bending each metal and observe which is easy or hard to bend

How do metals differ in weight and flexibility?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel samples
- Aluminium samples
- Copper samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Magnets
- Steel, aluminium and copper samples

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Conductivity of heat
Metallic Materials - Conductivity of electricity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain conductivity of heat as a property of metallic materials
- Perform practical activities to test heat conductivity of metals
- Value safety precautions when working with heat

- Place one end of steel, aluminium and copper rods in a flame and feel the other end
- Note which type of rod makes the hand feel warm
- Share findings with other learners in class

Which metals conduct heat better?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Metal rods (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Source of heat
- Safety gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Bulb
- Cell
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Properties of steel, aluminium and copper
Metallic Materials - Uses of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the properties of steel, aluminium and copper
- Compare the properties of different metallic materials
- Value the unique characteristics of each metal

- Discuss properties of steel (strong, grey colour, magnetic, poor conductor)
- Discuss properties of aluminium (rust-resistant, silvery, light, non-magnetic)
- Discuss properties of copper (reddish-brown, non-magnetic, excellent conductor)

What are the unique properties of steel, aluminium and copper?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Charts
- Metal samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Digital devices
- School environment

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Matching metals to their applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Relate metallic materials to their specific applications
- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Value the contribution of metals to construction and technology

- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Present work to classmates
- Make a chart showing more uses of steel, aluminium and copper

Why are different metals suitable for different uses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Meaning and examples of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define non-metallic materials
- Identify non-metallic materials found in the locality
- Show interest in learning about non-metallic materials

- Identify materials used to make items in pictures (wooden furniture, plastic containers, glass windows)
- Find out from internet or print materials the meaning of non-metallic material
- Discuss examples of non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, rubber, glass, ceramics, stone, cement, paper)

What are non-metallic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 56
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Non-metallic samples

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying non-metallic materials in the environment
Non-Metallic Materials - Natural and synthetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe non-metallic materials found in the school environment
- Identify items made from non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the variety of non-metallic materials around us

- Take a walk around school environment
- Identify non-metallic materials in school compound
- List non-metallic materials found and share findings with peers

What non-metallic materials can we find in our school?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 57
- School environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Natural material samples
- Synthetic material samples
- Charts

- Observation - Field notes - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying natural and synthetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify natural and synthetic materials in the environment
- Create a poster showing natural and synthetic non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the sources of different materials

- Identify non-metallic materials in the environment
- Categorise materials as natural or synthetic
- Take pictures of materials and make a poster to share with peers

How can we identify natural and synthetic materials around us?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Environment
- Camera/phone
- Chart papers

- Poster making - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Colour and texture of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Hardness of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the colour and texture of non-metallic materials
- Examine the colour and texture of wood, stone, plastics, paper, rubber, cement, glass and ceramics
- Show curiosity in observing material properties

- Look at collected samples of non-metallic materials and describe colour appearance
- Feel the texture of each material and say whether rough or smooth
- Create a summary table to record colour and texture of each material

What colours and textures do non-metallic materials have?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Wood, stone, plastic, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramic samples
- Metal nail
- Non-metallic material samples
- Gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Fire resistance of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Summary of physical properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain fire resistance as a property of non-metallic materials
- Perform fire resistance test on non-metallic materials
- Value safety precautions when working with fire

- Light a candle and hold each material over the flame using tongs
- Observe how each material reacts (catches fire, melts or changes colour)
- Create a summary table showing fire resistance of each material

Which non-metallic materials are fire resistant?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Candle
- Tongs
- Non-metallic material samples
- Safety gloves
- Summary table
- Exercise books

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper in the locality
- Match non-metallic materials to their uses
- Value the contribution of non-metallic materials to everyday life

- Discuss uses of wood (furniture, flooring, construction)
- Discuss uses of stone (building foundations, walling, landscaping)
- Discuss uses of plastics (bottles, packaging, household items) and paper (books, newspapers, packaging)

How are wood, stone, plastics and paper used in our locality?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Matching activities

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics in the locality
- Relate non-metallic materials to their applications
- Appreciate the importance of non-metallic materials in production

- Discuss uses of rubber (tires, footwear, seals)
- Discuss uses of cement (constructing buildings, making roads)
- Discuss uses of glass (windows, bottles, decorative items) and ceramics (tiles, pottery, kitchenware)
- Write summary of uses of non-metallic materials in production

How are rubber, cement, glass and ceramics used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
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- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions