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Physics
Form 4 2025
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 2
Lenses
Conveying and diverging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe converging lenses
Describe diverging lenses

Using light beams to distinguish between diverging and converging lenses

Diverging lenses
Converging lenses
Source of light beam
screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-2
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 1
2 3
Lenses
Parts of fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the principal focus using ray diagram
Describe the optical center using ray diagram
Describe the focal length of thin lenses using ray diagram

Description of principal focus, optical centre and focal length of a thin lens

Chart showing the parts of thin lens
Graph paper
Diverging lens
Converging lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 6-7 
2 4
Lenses
Focal length
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine experimentally the focal length of a converging lens
Determine the focal length of a converging lens using estimation method

Experiment to determine the focal length of a fair lens

Converging lenses
Screen
Pins
candle
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 2-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 17-20 
2 5
Lenses
Images in fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Construct the principal rays for converging lens
Construct the principal rays for diverging lenses

Constructing the principal rays for diverging lenses
Constructing the principal rays for converging lenses

Converging lenses
Diverging lenses
Graph papers
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 3-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-12 
3 1-2
Lenses
Images in converging lenses
Images in diverging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Locate imaged formed by converging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in converging lenses


Locate imaged formed by diverging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in diverging lenses

Describing the characteristics of images formed in converging lenses

Describe the characteristics of the formed in diverging lenses

Graph paper
Geometrical set
Converging lenses
screen
Graph paper
Geometrical set
Diverging lenses
Screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-10 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 11 
3 3
Lenses
The microscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope

Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 10-11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5 
3 4
Lenses
The telescope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the structure of a telescope
Describe the working of a telescope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a telescope
Describing how a telescope works

Telescope
Lenses
Manilla paper
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
3 5
Lenses
The telescope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the structure of a telescope
Describe the working of a telescope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a telescope
Describing how a telescope works

Telescope
Lenses
Manilla paper
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
4 1-2
Lenses
The camera
Image formation in the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a camera
Explain the working of a camera
Explain the use of lenses in a camera


Describe the parts of a human eye
Explain the function of each part of the human eye

Describing the parts of a camera
Explaining the use of lenses in a camera

Describing the parts of the human eye
Explaining the function of each part of the human eye

Camera
Charts showing the parts of a camera

Chart showing the parts of human eye
Model of the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11-12
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 33 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 12-13
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
4 3
Lenses
Working of the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the image formation in the human eye

Explaining the image formation in the eye

Chart showing the image formation in the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
4 4
Lenses
Defects of vision
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects

Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected

Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
4 5
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe a complete electromagnetic spectrum

Discussions on the charge in wave length of electromagnetic radiations
explanations

charts showing the components of the electromagnetic spectrum
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 79 
5 1-2
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The properties of electromagnetic waves
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the properties of electromagnetic waves


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations

Explaining the properties of each component of the electromagnetic spectrum

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations

Charts showing the properties of electromagnetic waves

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37-38
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80-81 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
5 3
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
5 4
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations

Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
5 5
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Problems on C=FX
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Solve numerical problems involving C=fx

Problem solving
Discussions
Explanations
Questions and answers

Questions and answers
exercises
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 45
teachers book 34pages 20-21
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80
6 1-2
Electromagnetic Induction
Induced e.m.f
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Perform and describe simple experiments to illustrate electromagnetic induction
State the factors affecting the magnitude of an induced e.m.f
State the factors affecting the direction induced by e.m.f

Experiments
discussions

magnets
complete
electric circuit
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 46-48
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 86-91 
6 3
Electromagnetic Induction
Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State Faraday?s law
State Lenz?s law
Illustrate Faraday law and Lens?s law

Discussions
Experiments to illustrate Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law

Magnets
Solenoid
Source of current
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 48-50
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 91-93 
6 4
Electromagnetic Induction
Fleming?s right hand rule
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State Fleming?s right hand rule
Apply Fleming?s right hand rule

Explanation of the motor rule
Discussion of the application of electromagnetic induction

Magnets
Wire
Source of current
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 49-50
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 93-97 
6 5
Electromagnetic Induction
Generators
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of an a.c generator
Explain the working of a d.c generator

Drawing the arrangement for a.c and a d.c generators
Demonstration of motor principle

Coil
Pins
Source of current
magnets
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 50-53
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 
7 1-2
Electromagnetic Induction
Eddy currents
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain eddy currents
Demonstrate the effects of eddy currents

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 53-54
teachers book 4 pages 24
7 3
Electromagnetic Induction
Mutual inductance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiments to illustrate mutual inductance

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Iron care with primary and secondary coil
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-55
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 pages 97-101
Golden tips Physics pages 158
7 4
Electromagnetic Induction
Transformers
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a transformer

Discussions
Experiments

Transformer
Magnets
Wires
Metallic rods
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-59
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 100-104 
7 5
Electromagnetic Induction
Applications of electromagnetic induction
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the application of electromagnetic induction
Solve problems on transformers

Discussions
Explanations
Questions and answers

Induction coil
Moving coil/loud speaker
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-59
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 107-112 
8

Midterm

9 1-2
Electromagnetic Induction
Main Electricity
Eddy currents
Source of main electricity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain eddy currents
Demonstrate the effects of eddy currents


State sources of main electricity
Explain the sources of main electricity

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Discussions
Educational trips

Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets

Pictures and charts showing sources of main electricity
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 53-54
teachers book 34pages 24
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 pages,104 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 61
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117 
9 3
Main Electricity
Power transmission
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Questions and answers

Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
9 4
Main Electricity
Power consumption
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define kilowatt hour
Determine the electrical energy consumption and cost

Discussions
calculations

Chats on power consumptions
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 63-66
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-128
Principles of physics (M.Nelkon( pages 428 
9 5
Main Electricity
Power consumption
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define kilowatt hour
Determine the electrical energy consumption and cost

Discussions
calculations

Chats on power consumptions
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 63-66
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-128
Principles of physics (M.Nelkon( pages 428 
10 1-2
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
Domestic electrical appliances
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system


Explain the function of fuse in domestic wiring
Explain the function of a two-way switch in domestic wiring

Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits

Discussions
demonstration

Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances

domestic electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-122-124 
10 3
Cathode Rays
Production of cathode rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the production of cathode rays
State and explain the properties of cathode rays

Describing the production of cathode rays
Stating the properties of cathode rays

Chart on the properties of cathode rays
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 72-73
teachers book 4 pages 30-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 131-133 
10 4
Cathode Rays
The cathode rays Oscilloscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the functioning of the cathode ray oscilloscope
Explain the functioning of a T.V tube

Discussions of parts and functions of C.R.O

Chart of parts and functions of C.R.O
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 73-75
teachers book 4 pages 30-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 133-134 
10 5
Cathode Rays
The cathode rays of Oscilloscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the uses of a C.R.O

Describing the working of a T.V tube

T.V tube
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 73-75
teachers book 4 pages 30-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 139 
11 1-2
X-Rays
Production of X-rays
Dangers of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the production of x-rays
State and explain the properties of X-rays
Distinguish between hard and soft x-rays


Explain and state the dangers of X-rays
Highlight the precautions to be undertaken when handling x-rays

Demonstrations
Discussions
Calculations involving x-rays

Discussions
Explanations

X-ray tube
Charts

Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 80-84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 144-148 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 149 
11 3
X-Rays
Uses of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
State the uses of X-rays
Explain the uses of X-rays

Discussions

Hospital with X-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 148
11 4
Photo Electric Effect
Photo electric emissions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson ,the learner should be able to
Perform simple experiments to illustrate photo electric effect
Describe simple experiments to illustrate photoelectric effect

Experiments
discussions

source of light
Metallic surfaces
Photo cell
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 87-88
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 151-152 
11 5
Photo-Electric
Factors effecting photoelectric emissions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the factors affecting photo-electric emission
Explain the factors affecting the photoelectric emissions

Discussions
Demonstrations

charts
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 88-90
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 156-158 
12 1-2
Photo-Electric
Plank?s constant
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Define plank?s constant threshold frequency work function and photoelectric effect
Explain threshold frequency, work function and photoelectric effect

Discussions
Demonstration

charts
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 90-91
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 153-156 79
12 3
Photo-Electric
The quantum theory of light
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine the energy of p photos
Apply the equation E=hf to calculate the energy of photos
Explain photoelectric effect using Einstein?s equation=hf+1/2mv2

Discussions
Calculations

Chart on the use of Einstein?s equation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 90-92
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 153-156 0
12 4
Photo-Electric
The quantum theory of light
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine the energy of p photos
Apply the equation E=hf to calculate the energy of photos
Explain photoelectric effect using Einstein?s equation=hf+1/2mv2

Discussions
Calculations

Chart on the use of Einstein?s equation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 90-92
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 153-156 0
12 5
Photo-Electric
Application of photoelectric effect
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a
Photo emissive cell
Photo conductive cell
Photo voltaic cell

Demonstrations
Discussions

Charts on the photo cell and how it works
Solar panels
Watch cells
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 92-93
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 160-163 

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