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Form 4 2025
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Opener exam

2 1
Waves II
Properties of waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State and explain the properties of waves experimentally
Sketch wave fronts to illustrate the reflections

Stating and explaining the properties of waves
Sketching wave fronts illustrate reflection

Rope/wire
Various reflections
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 67-69
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 198-203
2 2-3
Waves II
Diffraction, refraction and interference of waves
Constructive and distractive waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Sketch various wave fonts to illustrate their diffraction, refraction and interference


Explain constructive and destructive interference

Sketching various wave fonts
Experiments to illustrate refraction, diffraction and interference

Discussion on constructive and destructive interference
Experiments constructive and destructive interference

Water
Basin
Ripple
Tank

Ripple tank
Rope/wire
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 70-73
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 203-212 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 73-74
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 203-212 
2 4
Waves II
Stationary waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe experiments to illustrate stationary waves

Demonstration and explaining of stationery waves

Wires under tension
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 74
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 212-215 
2 5
Waves II
Stationary waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe experiments to illustrate stationary waves

Demonstration and explaining of stationery waves

Wires under tension
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 74
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 212-215 
3 1
Waves II
Vibrating air columns
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe and explain closed pipe and open pipe

Describing vibrations in close and open pipes

Open and closed pipes
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 74
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 29-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 218-220 
3 2-3
The Gas Laws
Pressure law
Charles?s law
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State and verify the gas laws for an ideal gas experimentally


State and verify Charles?s law experimentally

Experiments to verify pressure law
Demonstrations on pressure law
Discussion on pressure law

Experiments to verify Charles?s law
Discussion on Charles?s law

Water
Thermometer
Measuring cylinder
Syringe
Narrow glass tube

Water
Thermometer
Measuring cylinder
Syringe
Narrow glass tube
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 103-104
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 47-50
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 299-302
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 105-106
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 47-50
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 295-298 
3 4
The Gas Laws
Boyle?s law
The kinetic theory of gases
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State and verify Boyle?s law experimentally
Convert Celsius scales to Kelvin scale of temperature and state basic assumptions of kinetic theory of gases
Experiments verifying and explain Boyle?s law
Discussion on Boyle?s law
Discussion on basic assumptions of kinetic theory of gases
Conversion of Celsius to Kelvin scales
Water
Thermometer
Syringe
Measuring cylinder
Narrow glass tube
Graph paper
Clinical thermometer
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 3 pages 106-107
Comprehensive secondary physics teachers book 3 pages 47-50
Secondary physics KLB students book 3 page 290-294
3 5
Lenses
Conveying and diverging lenses
Parts of fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe converging lenses
Describe diverging lenses
Describe the principal focus using ray diagram
Describe the optical center using ray diagram
Describe the focal length of thin lenses using ray diagram
Using light beams to distinguish between diverging and converging lenses
Description of principal focus, optical centre and focal length of a thin lens
Diverging lenses
Converging lenses
Source of light beam
screen
Chart showing the parts of thin lens
Graph paper
Diverging lens
Converging lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-2
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 1
4 1
Lenses
Focal length
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine experimentally the focal length of a converging lens
Determine the focal length of a converging lens using estimation method

Experiment to determine the focal length of a fair lens

Converging lenses
Screen
Pins
candle
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 2-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 17-20 
4 2-3
Lenses
Images in fair lenses
Images in converging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Construct the principal rays for converging lens
Construct the principal rays for diverging lenses


Locate imaged formed by converging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in converging lenses

Constructing the principal rays for diverging lenses
Constructing the principal rays for converging lenses

Describing the characteristics of images formed in converging lenses

Converging lenses
Diverging lenses
Graph papers
Ruler

Graph paper
Geometrical set
Converging lenses
screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 3-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-12 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-10 
4 4
Lenses
Images in diverging lenses
The microscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Locate imaged formed by diverging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in diverging lenses

Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope
Describe the characteristics of the formed in diverging lenses
Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope
Graph paper
Geometrical set
Diverging lenses
Screen
Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 11 
4 5
Lenses
The telescope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the structure of a telescope
Describe the working of a telescope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a telescope
Describing how a telescope works

Telescope
Lenses
Manilla paper
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
5 1
Lenses
The camera
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a camera
Explain the working of a camera
Explain the use of lenses in a camera

Describing the parts of a camera
Explaining the use of lenses in a camera

Camera
Charts showing the parts of a camera
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11-12
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 33 
5 2-3
Lenses
Image formation in the human eye
Working of the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a human eye
Explain the function of each part of the human eye


Explain the image formation in the human eye

Describing the parts of the human eye
Explaining the function of each part of the human eye

Explaining the image formation in the eye

Chart showing the parts of human eye
Model of the human eye

Chart showing the image formation in the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 12-13
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
5 4
Lenses
Uniform Circular Motion
Defects of vision
Circular motion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects
Define circular motion
Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected
Observing and running a hoop
Rotate a stone tied to the end of a rope
Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Hoop
String/rope
store
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
5 5
Uniform Circular Motion
Radiant, angular displacement and angular velocity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the radiant measure
Define the angular displacement and velocity
Explain the angular displacement and velocity

Discussions
Experiment

Illustration of angular displacement and angular velocity on a chart
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 18-20
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 37-42
Golden tips Physics pages 34-35
6 1
Uniform Circular Motion
Centripetal force
Application of uniform circular motion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe simple experiment on centripetal force
Illustrate centripetal force
Determine the magnitude of centripetal force experimentally
Explain centrifuge
Explain vertical and horizontal circles
Explain banked tracks
Experiments
Discussions
observations
Explanations
Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock
Stone
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 20-21
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 42-47 
6 2-3
Floating And Sinking
Archimedes? principle
The laws of floatation Relative density
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State Archimedes? principle
Verify Archimedes principle
Use of Archimedes principle to solve problems


State the law of floatation
Define relative density

Experiments
Discussions
Calculations based on Archimedes Principle

Discussions
Measuring

Water
Measuring cylinder
Weighing balance
Overflow can
Objects denser than water

Density bottle
Overflow can
Spring balance
measuring cylinder
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 28-29
teachers book 34pages 14-17
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 58-60 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 29-33
teachers book 34pages 14-17
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 64-70 
6 4
Floating And Sinking
Applications of floating and sinking
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of Archimedes Principle
Describe the applications of relative density (hydrometer)

Discussions
experiments

charts depicting the uses of Archimedes principle and the law of floatation
A hydrometer
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 33-35
teachers book 34pages 14-17
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 75-77 
6 5
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe a complete electromagnetic spectrum

Discussions on the charge in wave length of electromagnetic radiations
explanations

charts showing the components of the electromagnetic spectrum
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 79 
7

Midterm exams

8

Midterm break

9 1
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The properties of electromagnetic waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the properties of electromagnetic waves

Explaining the properties of each component of the electromagnetic spectrum

Charts showing the properties of electromagnetic waves
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37-38
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80-81 
9 2-3
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation

Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
9 4
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Problems on C=FX
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Solve numerical problems involving C=fx

Problem solving
Discussions
Explanations
Questions and answers

Questions and answers
exercises
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 45
teachers book 34pages 20-21
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80
9 5
Electromagnetic Induction
Induced e.m.f
Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Perform and describe simple experiments to illustrate electromagnetic induction
State the factors affecting the magnitude of an induced e.m.f
State the factors affecting the direction induced by e.m.f
State Faraday?s law
State Lenz?s law
Illustrate Faraday law and Lens?s law
Experiments
discussions
Experiments to illustrate Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law
magnets
complete
electric circuit
Solenoid
Source of current
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 46-48
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 86-91 
10 1
Electromagnetic Induction
Fleming?s right hand rule
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State Fleming?s right hand rule
Apply Fleming?s right hand rule

Explanation of the motor rule
Discussion of the application of electromagnetic induction

Magnets
Wire
Source of current
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 49-50
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 93-97 
10 2-3
Electromagnetic Induction
Generators
Eddy currents
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of an a.c generator
Explain the working of a d.c generator

Explain eddy currents
Demonstrate the effects of eddy currents

Drawing the arrangement for a.c and a d.c generators
Demonstration of motor principle

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Coil
Pins
Source of current
magnets

Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 50-53
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 53-54
teachers book 4 pages 24
10 4
Electromagnetic Induction
Mutual inductance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiments to illustrate mutual inductance

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Iron care with primary and secondary coil
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-55
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 pages 97-101
Golden tips Physics pages 158
10 5
Electromagnetic Induction
Transformers
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a transformer

Discussions
Experiments

Transformer
Magnets
Wires
Metallic rods
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-59
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 100-104 
11 1
Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic Induction
Applications of electromagnetic induction
Eddy currents
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the application of electromagnetic induction
Solve problems on transformers
Explain eddy currents
Demonstrate the effects of eddy currents
Discussions
Explanations
Questions and answers
Experiments
Induction coil
Moving coil/loud speaker
Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-59
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 107-112 
11 2-3
Main Electricity
Source of main electricity
Power transmission
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State sources of main electricity
Explain the sources of main electricity

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Educational trips

Discussions
Questions and answers

Pictures and charts showing sources of main electricity

Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 61
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
11 4
Main Electricity
Power consumption
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define kilowatt hour
Determine the electrical energy consumption and cost

Discussions
calculations

Chats on power consumptions
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 63-66
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-128
Principles of physics (M.Nelkon( pages 428 
11 5
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
Domestic electrical appliances
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system
Explain the function of fuse in domestic wiring
Explain the function of a two-way switch in domestic wiring
Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits
Discussions
demonstration
Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances
domestic electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
12-13

End term exams and closing of school


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