Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of up to 2-digit number by multiples of 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by multiples of 10 in different situations.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs, learners multiply 2-digit number by multiples of 10 using number cards.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems involving multiples of 10.

When do you use multiplication in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 43
- Number cards
- Multiplication tables
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 1-digit number by multiples of 10
Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 1-digit number by multiples of 10.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs, learners multiply 1-digit numbers by multiples of 10 using number cards.
-Learners solve word problems involving multiplication by multiples of 10.

How can we multiply numbers by multiples of 10?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 44
- Number cards
- Multiplication tables
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Counters
- Multiplication tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number with regrouping.
- Show interest in multiplication.

- In groups, learners practice multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers with regrouping.
-Learners solve word problems involving multiplication.

Why do we regroup in multiplication?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 46
- Number cards
- Counters
- Multiplication tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number without regrouping.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs or groups, learners multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number without regrouping using counters.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems.

How do we multiply two-digit numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
- Multiplication charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit with regrouping
Multiplication - Estimating products by rounding off numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number with regrouping.
- Develop interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs or groups, learners multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number with regrouping and prepare a corresponding multiplication chart.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems.

Why do we regroup when multiplying numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 47
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
- Multiplication charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 48
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Creating patterns involving multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving multiplication with product not exceeding 100.
- Appreciate application of multiplication of numbers in real life situation.

- In groups, learners generate patterns involving multiplication with products not exceeding 100 and prepare multiplication charts using locally available materials.
-In groups, learners play digital games on multiplication.

How do you create patterns involving multiplication?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 50
- Multiplication charts
- Digital devices
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit without remainder

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number without remainder.
- Show interest in division of numbers.

- In pairs and groups, learners discuss and carry out division of up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number without remainder using number cards.
-Learners practice solving division problems.

When do you use division in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 52
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division as equal sharing
Division - Division as equal grouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide objects into equal groups.
- Appreciate division as equal sharing.

- In groups, learners share objects equally among themselves.
-Learners practice dividing objects into equal groups and recording the results.

How is division related to equal sharing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 53
- Counters
- Bottle tops
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit with remainder

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder.
- Show interest in division of numbers.

- In groups, learners carry out division up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder and prepare division charts.
-Learners practice solving division problems with remainders.

How do you deal with remainders when dividing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Using long form of division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use long form of division to divide numbers.
- Appreciate different methods of division.

- In groups, learners practice using the long form of division.
-Learners solve division problems using the long form.

Why do we use the long form of division?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 56
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Relationship between multiplication and division
Division - Solving word problems involving division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate multiplication of numbers to division of same numbers in different situations.
- Appreciate the relationship between multiplication and division.

- In groups, learners carry out division and multiplication of same numbers to establish relationship between multiplication and division. Discuss and share their results with other groups.
-Learners practice relating multiplication and division facts.

How are multiplication and division related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 57
- Multiplication tables
- Division charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 59
- Number cards
- Word problem cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Using digital resources for division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital resources to learn division of numbers.
- Appreciate the use of division in day to day life.

- In pairs, learners play games involving division using digital devices.
-Learners practice solving division problems using digital tools.

How can technology help us learn division?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 60
- Digital devices
- Calculator
- Educational apps

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Numerator and denominator in a fraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the numerator and denominator in a fraction in different situations.
- Develop interest in fractions.

- Learners discuss in groups the top (numerator) and bottom (denominator) numbers in a fraction and share with others.
-Learners practice identifying numerator and denominator in various fractions.

When do you use fractions in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 61
- Fraction charts
- Circular cut-outs
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Representing fractions as part of a whole

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent a fraction with denominators not exceeding 12 as part of a whole.
- Show interest in representing fractions.

- Learners illustrate in groups fractions as part of whole using cut outs, counters or clock face.
-Learners practice representing different fractions as part of a whole.

How can you represent fractions?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 62
- Circular cut-outs
- Rectangular cut-outs
- Clock face

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Representing fractions as part of a group
Fractions - Types of fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent a fraction with denominators not exceeding 12 as part of a groupg.
- Appreciate using fractions to represent parts of a group.

- Learners illustrate in pairs/groups fractions as part of a group using cut outs, counters or clock face.
-Learners practice representing different fractions as part of a group.

How do fractions represent parts of a group?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 63
- Counters
- Bottle tops
- Clock face
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 66
- Paper cut-outs
- Fraction charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Converting improper fractions to mixed fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert improper fractions to mixed fractions in different situations.
- Appreciate conversions between fractions.

- Discuss in groups changing of improper fractions to mixed fractions.
-Learners practice converting improper fractions to mixed fractions.

Why do we convert improper fractions to mixed fractions?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 67
- Circular cut-outs
- Fraction charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Converting mixed fractions to improper fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert mixed fractions to improper fractions in different contexts.
- Show interest in conversions between fractions.

- Discuss in groups changing of mixed fractions to improper fractions.
-Learners practice converting mixed fractions to improper fractions.

When do we convert mixed fractions to improper fractions?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 68
- Circular cut-outs
- Fraction charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Identifying tenths
Decimals - Identifying hundredths

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify tenths in real life situations.
- Show interest in tenths as decimal fractions.

- Discuss in pairs/groups where tenths are used in real life situations.
-Learners practice identifying and representing tenths using different models.

How do you use decimals in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 70
- 10 square grid
- Rectangular paper strips
- Place value charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 72
- 100 square grid

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Representing tenths using decimal notation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent tenths using decimal notation in given situations.
- Appreciate decimal notation in daily life.

- Illustrate in pairs/groups tenths using place value charts.
-Learners practice writing tenths using decimal notation.

How do we represent tenths using decimal notation?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 74
- Place value charts
- Number cards
- 10 square grid

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Representing hundredths using decimal notation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent hundredths using decimal notation in given situations.
- Show interest in decimal notation.

- Illustrate in pairs/groups hundredths using place value charts.
-Learners practice writing hundredths using decimal notation.

How do we represent hundredths using decimal notation?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 76
- Place value charts
- Number cards
- 100 square grid

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Place value of tenths
Decimals - Place value of hundredths

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify place value of tenths in real life.
- Show interest in decimal place values.

- Represent decimals using place value charts and reuse charts for other activities.
-Learners practice identifying place values in decimal numbers.

Why is place value important in decimal numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 78
- Place value charts
- Number cards
- Abacus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 79

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Ordering tenths from the smallest to the largest

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order tenths from smallest to largest.
- Show interest in ordering decimal numbers.

- In groups, learners order given decimals in ascending order.
-Learners practice comparing and ordering decimal numbers.

How do we order decimal numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 80
- Number line
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Ordering tenths from the largest to the smallest

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order tenths from largest to smallest.
- Appreciate ordering decimal numbers.

- In groups, learners order given decimals in descending order.
-Learners practice comparing and ordering decimal numbers.

Why do we need to order decimal numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 81
- Number line
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Ordering hundredths from the smallest to the largest
Decimals - Ordering hundredths from the largest to the smallest

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order hundredths from smallest to largest.
- Show interest in ordering decimal numbers.

- In groups, learners order given decimal numbers involving hundredths in ascending order.
-Learners practice comparing and ordering decimal numbers.

How do we compare decimal numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 82
- Number line
- Number cards
- Place value charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 83

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Use of letters - Representing information using letters

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent information using letters in real life situations.
- Show interest in using letters to represent information.

- Represent various items from diverse geographical locations using letters.
-Learners practice using letters to represent different items.

Why do we represent information using letters?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 84
- Letter cards
- Number cards
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Use of letters - Forming simple expressions involving addition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form simple expressions involving addition to represent real life situations.
- Appreciate the use of expressions in daily life.

- In groups, learners form expressions involving addition to illustrate real life situations.
-Learners practice forming expressions for different scenarios.

How do expressions help us in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 85
- Number cards
- Letter cards
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Use of letters - Forming simple expressions involving subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form simple expressions involving subtraction to represent real life situations.
- Show interest in expressions involving subtraction.

- In groups, learners form expressions involving subtraction to illustrate real life situations.
-Learners practice forming expressions for different scenarios.

When do we use expressions involving subtraction?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 86
- Number cards
- Letter cards
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Use of letters - Forming simple expressions involving multiplication
Use of letters - Forming simple expressions involving division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form simple expressions involving multiplication to represent real life situations.
- Appreciate expressions involving multiplication.

- In groups, learners form expressions involving multiplication to illustrate real life situations.
-Learners practice forming expressions for different scenarios.

How can we use expressions involving multiplication?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 86
- Number cards
- Letter cards
- Flash cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 87

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers
Measurement

Use of letters - Simplifying expressions
Length - Centimetre as a unit of measuring length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Simplify expressions representing real life situations.
- Show interest in simplifying expressions.

- In groups, learners simplify expressions representing real life situations.
-Learners practice simplifying expressions involving like terms.

Why do we need to simplify expressions?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 87
- Number cards
- Letter cards
- Flash cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 91
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Objects for measurement

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Measuring length in centimetres
Length - Estimating and measuring length in centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure length in centimetres in real life situations.
- Develop interest in measuring length in centimetres.

- In pairs, learners measure the length of a given object in centimetres using a metre ruler or a tape measure.
-Learners practice measuring various objects in the classroom.

Why do we measure distance in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 92
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Various classroom objects
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 94
- Various objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Relationship between metres and centimetres
Length - Converting metres to centimetres
Length - Converting centimetres to metres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Establish the relationship between metres and centimetres practically.
- Show interest in the relationship between units of length.

- In groups, learners measure length of objects in classrooms in metres and centimetres and establish the relationship between the units.
-Learners practice comparing measurements in different units.

How are metres and centimetres related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 95
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- String
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 96
- Conversion tables
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 97

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Perimeter of plane figures
Length - Addition involving length in metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out perimeter of plane figures in different contexts.
- Appreciate use of perimeter in real life situations.

- In groups, learners calculate perimeter of plane figures.
-Learners measure and calculate perimeter of various objects in the classroom.

How do you find the perimeter of different shapes?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 98
- Ruler
- Shape cutouts
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 99
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Subtraction involving length in metres and centimetres
Length - Multiplication involving metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out subtraction involving length in metres and centimetres in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of length measurements.

- In groups, learners calculate subtraction involving metres and centimetres.
-Learners practice solving real-life problems involving subtraction of length measurements.

When do you need to subtract lengths in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 102
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 104

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Division involving metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Carryout division involving metres and centimetres in real life situations.
- Appreciate division of length measurements.

- In pairs, learners work out division involving metres and centimetres.
-Learners practice solving real-life problems involving division of length measurements.

How can division help us with length measurements?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 105
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Comparing area of surfaces by direct manipulation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the area of given surfaces by direct manipulation.
- Show interest in comparing areas of surfaces.

- In groups, learners compare area of two surfaces directly by placing one surface on the other.
-Learners practice comparing areas of different surfaces by direct manipulation.

How do you work out area of different surfaces?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 106
- Paper cutouts
- Different shapes
- Objects with flat surfaces

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Calculating area by counting unit squares
Area - Area of a square by counting unit squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares and rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Develop interest in calculating area.

- In pairs, learners use different unit square cut outs to cover a given surface.
-In groups, learners count the number of unit square cut outs prepared from locally available materials to cover the surface.

What is a unit square and how is it used?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 108
- Unit square cutouts
- Grid paper
- Locally available materials
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 109
- Square shapes
- Grid paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of a rectangle by counting unit squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Appreciate calculating area in real life.

- In groups, learners use unit square cutouts to cover rectangular surfaces.
-Learners practice counting unit squares to find area of rectangles.

How do you find the area of a rectangle?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 110
- Unit square cutouts
- Rectangular shapes
- Grid paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of squares as product of rows and columns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares as a product of number of rows and columns.
- Show interest in calculating area of squares.

- In pairs, learners establish area of a square is same as number of rows multiplied by number of columns.
-Learners practice calculating area of squares using rows and columns.

How is multiplying rows by columns related to area?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 112
- Grid paper
- Square shapes
- Unit square cutouts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of rectangles as product of rows and columns
Area - Finding area of squares and rectangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of rectangles as a product of number of rows and columns.
- Appreciate use of rows and columns in calculating area.

- In pairs, learners establish area of a rectangle is same as number of rows multiplied by number of columns.
-Work out area of squares and rectangles by multiplying number of rows by number of columns, such as in tiled or paved floors.

How can we calculate area using rows and columns?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 113
- Grid paper
- Rectangular shapes
- Unit square cutouts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Digital devices
- Square and rectangular shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cubes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pile objects into stacks of cubes in real life situations.
- Show interest in piling objects.

- In groups, learners discuss and carefully arrange blocks or objects on top of each other into cuboid and cube shape.
-Learners practice stacking objects or blocks to form cubes and cuboids of different sizes.

Where do we apply the volume of cubes and cuboids in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 118
- Cubes
- Cuboids
- Building blocks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pile objects into stacks of cuboids in real life situations.
- Appreciate piling objects in real life.

- In groups, learners arrange and pile objects to form cuboids of different sizes.
-Learners use matchboxes to build different stacks of cuboids.

How can we use stacking to understand volume?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 119
- Matchboxes
- Building blocks
- Cuboid shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Working out volume of cuboids by piling blocks
Volume - Working out volume of cubes by piling blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out volume of cuboids by piling blocks to form a cuboid.
- Show interest in volume of cuboids.

- In pairs, learners count the number of objects in the pile that makes a cuboid to determine the volume.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cuboids by counting blocks.

How do you find the volume of a cuboid?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 120
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks
- Matchboxes
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 121

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Volume of cubes and cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volume of cubes and cuboids.
- Appreciate use of pilling method in working out volume in real life.

- In pairs, learners use digital devices or other resources to safely play games involving stacking blocks to form cubes and cuboids.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cubes and cuboids.

How do we calculate volume in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 123
- Digital devices
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in measuring capacity.

- In groups, learners measure capacity of containers using a one litre container in real life situations.
-Learners practice measuring capacity of different containers in litres.

How can you measure capacity using arbitrary units?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 125
- 1 litre container
- Various containers
- Water

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Making litre containers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make and use litre containers in measuring capacity.
- Appreciate importance of standard units in measurement.

- In pairs, learners make litre containers from locally available materials through filling and emptying the container with substances such as water or sand using a 1 litre container.
-Learners use their containers to measure capacity of other containers.

Why do we need standard units of measurement?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 126
- 1 litre container
- Locally available materials
- Water or sand

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in ½ litres
Capacity - Measuring capacity in ¼ litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in ½ litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in measuring capacity in ½ litres.

- In pairs, learners make ½ litre containers from locally available materials through filling and emptying the container with substances such as water or sand using a 1 litre container.
-In groups, learners use ½ litre containers to measure capacity of other containers.

When would you measure capacity in ½ litres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 127
- 1 litre container
- ½ litre container
- Various containers
- Water or sand
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 128
- ¼ litre container

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Addition of capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out addition of capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in addition of capacity.

- In groups, learners add capacity involving litres in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving addition of capacity.

When do we need to add capacity measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 128
- Containers of known capacity
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Subtraction of capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out subtraction of capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of capacity.

- Subtract capacity involving litres in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving subtraction of capacity.

When do we need to subtract capacity measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 130
- Containers of known capacity
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Using digital devices for capacity
Mass - Using a kilogram mass to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital devices to learn about capacity.
- Appreciate use of the litre as a unit of measuring capacity in real life situations.

- In pairs, learners play games involving capacity using containers of different capacities or digital devices for digital games.
-Learners practice solving problems involving capacity using digital tools.

How can technology help us learn about capacity?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 131
- Digital devices
- Digital games
- Educational apps
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 132
- 1 kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ½ kg masses to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ½ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Appreciate measuring mass using different units.

- In pairs, learners make a ½ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ½ kg masses.

When would you measure mass in ½ kg?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 133
- ½ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ¼ kg masses to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ¼ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Show interest in measuring mass using ¼ kg masses.

- In groups, learners make a ¼ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance and an electronic balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ¼ kg masses.

How are ¼ kg masses related to kg masses?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 134
- ¼ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Electronic balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Mass in kilogram and ½ kilogram
Mass - Addition of mass in kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate kilograms to ½ kg and ¼ kg.
- Appreciate relationship between units of mass.

- Learners practice converting between kilograms, ½ kg, and ¼ kg.
-Learners solve problems involving conversion between units of mass.

How are different units of mass related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 135
- 1 kg mass
- ½ kg mass
- ¼ kg mass
- Beam balance
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 136
- Beam balance
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Subtraction of mass in kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract mass involving kilograms in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of mass measurements.

- In groups, learners subtract mass involving kilograms (kg).
-Learners practice solving problems involving subtraction of mass.

When do we need to subtract mass measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 137
- Beam balance
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

GEOMETRY

Position and Direction - Clockwise and anti-clockwise turns
Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you change your position?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify a clockwise turn in the environment
- Demonstrate a clockwise turn in the environment
- Show interest in learning about positions and directions

- Learners place a clock on the floor and turn round the clock in the direction of the minute hand - Learners practice making clockwise turns from different positions in the classroom - In groups, learners move from their desks to the teacher's table while making clockwise turns - Learners identify various activities that involve clockwise turns in real life

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 156
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 157

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns
Angles - Angles at points in lines
Angles - Angles from objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you change your position?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify half and full turns in the environment
- Demonstrate half and full turns in both directions
- Appreciate the relationship between quarter, half and full turns

- Learners stand on a straight line and turn to face the opposite direction (half turn) - In groups, learners make half turns while facing different directions - Learners stand on a straight line and make a full turn until they face the same direction - Learners identify the relationship between quarter, half and full turns - Learners play digital games involving position and direction

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 158
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 160
- Pencils, rulers
- Angle representations
- Charts showing angles
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 161
- Books, paper
- Cubes, cuboids
- Angle charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

GEOMETRY

Angles - Relating turns to angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How do we use angles in daily life?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Relate clockwise quarter turns to angles
- Relate anti-clockwise quarter turns to angles
- Show curiosity in the relationship between turns and angles

- Learners use their body parts to make different angles by stretching hands and folding at elbows - Learners hold two rulers together and make quarter turns in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions to observe angles formed - Learners relate different types of turns to the angles they form - Learners make different turns using textbooks, doors, windows and boxes

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 162
- Rulers
- Books, doors
- Digital devices
- Angle representations
- Angle charts
- Clock faces

- Observation - Written assessment - Oral questions

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Identifying shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify rectangles and squares from objects in the environment
- Recognize shapes in school and home environments
- Show interest in identifying shapes in the surroundings

- Learners observe and name shapes they can see in the school compound - Learners identify shapes in pictures of home environments - In groups, learners discuss and recognize shapes of rectangles and squares from common objects - Learners identify and draw rectangles and squares they observe in their environment

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 163
- Shape cut-outs
- Objects of different shapes
- Pictures showing shapes
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 164
- Paper for tracing
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Lines of symmetry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify lines of symmetry in rectangles and squares
- Fold shapes to find lines of symmetry
- Appreciate symmetry in shapes

- Learners take rectangular cut-outs and fold along both longer and shorter sides to identify lines of symmetry - Learners take square cut-outs and fold in different ways to identify the four lines of symmetry - Learners trace the square base of different objects, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry - Learners trace rectangular sides of boxes, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 165
- Rectangular and square cut-outs
- Objects with rectangular and square faces
- Paper, scissors

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Lines of symmetry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify lines of symmetry in triangles, circles and ovals
- Fold shapes to find lines of symmetry
- Show curiosity in finding lines of symmetry

- Learners take triangular cut-outs with equal sides and fold to identify the three lines of symmetry - Learners use triangles with two equal sides to identify one line of symmetry - Learners use triangles with unequal sides to observe no line of symmetry - Learners fold circular and oval cut-outs to identify lines of symmetry - Learners discuss and share findings about the number of lines of symmetry in different shapes

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 166
- Triangular, circular and oval cut-outs
- Paper, scissors
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Making patterns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Make patterns using squares and rectangles
- Create original patterns using shapes
- Show creativity in making patterns

- In groups, learners obtain cut-outs in the shapes of squares and rectangles - Learners use the cut-outs to make different patterns - Learners copy, complete and color patterns provided - Learners create their own patterns using squares and rectangles - Learners display and discuss patterns created by different groups

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 167
- Shape cut-outs
- Coloring materials
- Digital devices
- Triangle cut-outs

- Observation - Project work - Peer assessment

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Properties of shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify properties of squares and rectangles
- Measure sides of shapes to determine their properties
- Appreciate the differences between shapes

- Learners measure sides of squares and compare lengths to establish that all sides are equal - Learners compare angles in squares using a right-angled corner to establish that all angles are equal - Learners measure sides of rectangles to establish that opposite sides are equal - Learners compare angles in rectangles to establish that all angles are equal - Learners identify and discuss the properties of squares and rectangles

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 168
- Squares and rectangles of different sizes
- Rulers
- Right-angled corners

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Properties of shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify properties of different types of triangles
- Measure sides of triangles to determine their properties
- Show interest in properties of triangles

- Learners measure sides of triangles with three equal sides to establish that they are equal - Learners measure sides of triangles with two equal sides - Learners measure sides of triangles with unequal sides - Learners identify and discuss the properties of different types of triangles - Learners trace circular objects to obtain circles of different sizes and discuss their properties

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 169
- Triangles of different types
- Rulers
- Circular objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment