Crop Production

Field Management Practices - Introduction to pruning
Field Management Practices - Pruning tomatoes and capsicum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define pruning as a field management practice
- Identify parts of plants that are pruned
- Relate pruning to improved fruit quality in home gardens

- Discuss the meaning and purpose of pruning
- Search for information on pruning using digital devices
- Identify plant parts removed during pruning

Why do farmers remove some parts of growing crops?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 41
- Digital devices
- Pictures of pruned crops
- Pruning tools
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 42
- Tomato and capsicum plants
- Pruning tools
- Gloves

- Oral questions - Written assignment - Observation

Crop Production

Field Management Practices - Pruning coffee and bananas
Field Management Practices - Pruning tea and pyrethrum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe single stem and multiple stem pruning in coffee
- Explain pruning of bananas and sucker management
- Relate proper banana stool management to larger bunches seen on well-tended farms

- Discuss pruning systems in coffee: single stem, multiple stem, cutting back
- Explain pruning of bananas and sucker selection
- Observe pictures or field demonstrations

Why is proper sucker management important in banana production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 43
- Pictures of pruned coffee and bananas
- Digital devices
- Farm visit
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 45
- Pictures of pruned tea and pyrethrum
- Reference materials

- Written test - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

Field Management Practices - Practical pruning of vegetables
Field Management Practices - Methods of top dressing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out pruning of tomatoes and capsicum
- Use appropriate pruning tools safely
- Apply pruning skills to improve vegetable production in school gardens

- Put on protective clothing
- Identify and remove suckers on tomato plants
- Trim yellowing and lower leaves on capsicum

What safety precautions should we observe when pruning vegetables?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 47
- School garden
- Pruning shears
- Gloves
- Protective clothing
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 50
- Pictures of top dressing methods
- Fertilizer samples
- Digital devices

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project reports

Crop Production

Field Management Practices - Factors in top dressing
Field Management Practices - Practical top dressing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain factors considered in top dressing
- Describe proper timing, fertilizer type and application method
- Connect appropriate fertilizer timing to maximum nutrient uptake by crops

- Discuss factors: timing, type of fertilizer, application method
- Explain importance of correct amount and stage of crop growth
- Research on top dressing best practices

When is the best time to apply top dressing fertilizers?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 51
- Digital devices
- Fertilizer samples
- Reference materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 53
- School farm
- Fertilizers
- Watering can
- Protective clothing

- Written assignment - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Crops established through nursery bed
Growing Selected Crops - Site selection and nursery bed preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify crops that are established through a nursery bed
- Explain reasons for raising seedlings in nurseries
- Relate nursery establishment to stronger seedlings observed in transplanted crops

- Brainstorm crops established through nursery: vegetables, fruit trees, ornamentals
- Discuss reasons for using nursery beds
- Use digital devices to research nursery crops

Why are some crops first raised in nursery beds before transplanting?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 56
- Digital devices
- Print media
- Pictures of nursery crops
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 57
- School compound
- Garden tools
- Tape measure
- Manure

- Oral questions - Written assignment - Observation

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Sowing seeds in nursery bed

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Prepare drills for sowing seeds
- Sow seeds in the nursery bed correctly
- Apply proper sowing techniques for successful seed germination

- Make shallow drills in the nursery bed
- Sow vegetable seeds along the drills
- Cover seeds lightly and apply mulch

How deep should seeds be sown in a nursery bed?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 58
- Prepared nursery bed
- Seeds
- Mulching material
- Watering can

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project reports

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Watering, mulching and shading
Growing Selected Crops - Pricking out, weeding and pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out watering and mulching of nursery bed
- Construct shade over nursery bed
- Relate proper watering to uniform seedling emergence in nurseries

- Water the nursery bed using watering can
- Apply and manage mulch on nursery bed
- Construct shade over the nursery

Why is it important to shade nursery seedlings from direct sunlight?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 59
- Nursery bed
- Watering can
- Mulching materials
- Shade construction materials
- Nursery bed with seedlings
- Gloves
- Garden trowel

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Hardening off seedlings
Growing Selected Crops - Preparing for transplanting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain hardening off and its importance
- Carry out hardening off of seedlings
- Connect hardening off to better seedling survival after transplanting

- Discuss the process and importance of hardening off
- Gradually remove shading materials
- Reduce watering frequency before transplanting

Why should seedlings be hardened off before transplanting?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 60
- Nursery bed with seedlings
- Watering can
- Seedbed
- Garden tools
- Watering can
- Manure

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignment

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Lifting and transplanting seedlings
Growing Selected Crops - Watering and mulching transplanted seedlings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Lift seedlings with minimal root damage
- Transplant seedlings into prepared field
- Apply transplanting techniques to establish crops successfully

- Lift seedlings with lump of soil using garden trowel
- Plant seedlings in prepared holes
- Firm soil around seedling base and water

What precautions should we take to avoid damaging seedling roots?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 61
- Nursery bed
- Prepared field
- Garden trowel
- Watering can
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 63
- Transplanted seedlings
- Watering can
- Mulching materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project reports

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Weeding and manure application

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out weeding in crop field
- Apply manure to transplanted crops
- Connect weed control to reduced competition for nutrients by crops

- Identify and remove weeds from crop field
- Apply manure or compost to growing crops
- Observe crop growth after management practices

Why is timely weeding important for crop growth?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 64
- Crop field
- Garden tools
- Manure
- Gloves

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project reports

Crop Production

Growing Selected Crops - Pest, disease control and protection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Control pests and diseases on transplanted crops
- Protect seedlings from physical damage
- Apply pest control methods to maintain healthy crop stand

- Inspect crops for pests and diseases
- Apply wood ash or handpick pests
- Construct protective structures around tree seedlings

How can we protect young crops from pests and animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 65
- Crop field
- Wood ash
- Gloves
- Protective materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Identifying weeds in a crop field

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common weeds in crop fields
- Describe unique characteristics of different weeds
- Relate weed identification to effective control measures on farms

- Take excursion to identify weeds in crop fields
- Observe and describe characteristics of weeds
- Collect weed samples for further study

How can we recognize different types of weeds in our farms?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 68
- Local crop fields
- Digital devices
- Protective clothing

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignment

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Common weeds and their characteristics
Crop Protection - More common weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common weeds: black jack, Mexican marigold, oxalis
- Describe characteristics of each weed
- Connect weed characteristics to their spread in crop fields

- Study table of weeds and their characteristics
- Identify weeds: black jack, Mexican marigold, oxalis, double thorn
- Discuss unique features of each weed

What makes each type of weed easy to identify?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 69
- Weed samples
- Pictures of weeds
- Digital devices
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 70

- Written test - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Making a herbarium of weeds
Crop Protection - Classification by morphology

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Prepare weed specimens for herbarium
- Mount and label pressed weed specimens
- Apply herbarium making skills for future weed identification

- Press collected weed specimens between papers and cardboard
- Mount dried specimens on manila paper
- Label specimens with name, date and location

How do we preserve weeds for identification and study?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 74
- Collected weeds
- Cardboard
- Manila paper
- Adhesive
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 76
- Weed samples
- Pictures of weeds
- Digital devices

- Project portfolio - Observation - Oral assessment

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Classification by growth cycle
Crop Protection - Physical and cultural methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify weeds based on growth cycle
- Distinguish annual, biennial and perennial weeds
- Connect weed life cycle to timing of control measures

- Discuss classification: annual, biennial, perennial weeds
- Identify examples of each category
- Research growth cycles using digital devices

Why are perennial weeds more difficult to control than annual weeds?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 76
- Weed samples
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 77
- Pictures of weed control
- Garden tools
- Digital devices

- Written assignment - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Chemical, biological and legislative methods
Crop Protection - Practical weed control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe chemical method of weed control
- Explain biological and legislative methods
- Connect herbicide use to safety precautions required during application

- Discuss chemical method: herbicides, types of herbicides
- Discuss biological method: grazing animals
- Explain legislative methods and their importance

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using herbicides?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 79
- Pictures of chemical application
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 80
- Crop field
- Garden tools
- Protective clothing
- Mulching materials

- Written assignment - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Harmful and beneficial effects of weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain harmful effects of weeds on crop production
- Describe beneficial uses of weeds
- Relate weed effects to economic decisions made by farmers

- Discuss harmful effects: competition, harbouring pests, poisoning
- Discuss benefits: food, medicine, livestock feed, soil cover
- Make presentations on economic importance of weeds

Can weeds ever be useful to farmers?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 81
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Manila papers

- Written test - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

General Crop Harvesting - Factors determining harvesting of crop produce

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain factors that determine harvesting of crop produce
- Describe how timing and stage of growth affect harvesting
- Connect proper harvest timing to quality of produce sold in local markets

- Study photographs of crops at different maturity stages
- Discuss factors: timing, stage of growth, purpose
- Search for information using digital devices

How do farmers know when crops are ready for harvesting?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 84
- Pictures of mature crops
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Written test - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

General Crop Harvesting - Pre-harvesting, harvesting and post-harvest practices
General Crop Harvesting - Harvesting potatoes and cassava

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the harvesting process: pre-harvest, harvest, post-harvest
- Explain activities in each stage of harvesting
- Relate proper harvesting process to reduced post-harvest losses

- Discuss pre-harvesting practices
- Explain harvesting methods: picking, lifting, cutting
- Describe post-harvest practices: drying, threshing, cleaning

What activities are done before and after harvesting crops?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 86
- Pictures of harvesting process
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 88
- Pictures of tuber harvesting
- Garden fork
- Digital devices

- Written assignment - Oral questions - Observation

Crop Production

General Crop Harvesting - Post-harvest handling of tubers
General Crop Harvesting - Harvesting maize and millet

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out post-harvest practices on tubers
- Explain cleaning, sorting, grading and curing
- Relate proper post-harvest handling to longer storage life of tubers

- Discuss cleaning and sorting of harvested tubers
- Explain grading, curing and processing
- Discuss packing and storage of tubers

Why is curing important for harvested potatoes?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 90
- Harvested tubers
- Containers
- Storage materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 92
- Pictures of cereal harvesting
- Sickle
- Digital devices

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Crop Production
Animal Production

General Crop Harvesting - Importance of harvesting process in crop production
Breeds of Livestock - Dairy cattle breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain importance of pre-harvest, harvesting and post-harvest practices
- Describe how proper harvesting maintains quality
- Relate good harvesting practices to higher prices received for quality produce

- Invite resource person to discuss importance of harvesting process
- Discuss benefits of proper harvesting practices
- Make presentations on importance of each harvesting stage

Why do farmers lose crops during and after harvesting?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture Learner's Book pg. 96
- Resource person
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 99
- Pictures and photographs of dairy cattle breeds
- Video clips on cattle breeds

- Written assignment - Oral questions - Observation

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Beef cattle breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify characteristic features of beef cattle breeds
- Describe Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Charolais and Boran breeds
- Connect beef breed characteristics to ranching and meat production enterprises

- Study pictures showing beef cattle breeds
- Discuss characteristics of Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Galloway and Boran
- Compare body conformation of beef cattle breeds
- Observe videos of beef cattle

How do livestock breeds affect the productivity of animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 103
- Pictures of beef cattle breeds
- Digital devices
- Charts showing cattle classification

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Dual-purpose and indigenous cattle breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Pig breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe dual-purpose cattle breeds and their characteristics
- Differentiate between indigenous and exotic cattle breeds
- Link dual-purpose breeds to mixed farming systems where both milk and meat are needed

- Discuss characteristics of Sahiwal, Red Poll, Simmental and Brown Swiss
- Compare indigenous and exotic cattle characteristics
- Analyse advantages of keeping dual-purpose breeds

How do livestock breeds affect the productivity of animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 105
- Pictures of dual-purpose breeds
- Digital devices
- Reference books
- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 109
- Pictures of pig breeds
- Video clips on pig farming

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Class presentations

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Rabbit breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Sheep breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe characteristic features of common rabbit breeds
- Classify rabbits according to their purpose (meat or fur)
- Relate rabbit breed selection to household protein needs and income generation

- Observe pictures of rabbit breeds such as California White, New Zealand White, Chinchilla and Angora
- Discuss characteristics of meat and fur rabbit breeds
- Search for information on rabbit breeds using digital devices

How do livestock breeds affect the productivity of animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 112
- Pictures of rabbit breeds
- Digital devices
- Live rabbits if available
- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 116
- Pictures of sheep breeds
- Charts showing breed classification

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Goat breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Contribution of animal production to the economy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe characteristic features of common goat breeds
- Classify goats into dairy, meat and hair breeds
- Link goat breed selection to milk, meat or mohair production goals

- Observe pictures of goat breeds (Saanen, Toggenburg, Anglo-Nubian, Boer, Galla, Angora)
- Discuss characteristics of dairy, meat and hair goats
- Compare productivity of different goat breeds

How do livestock breeds affect the productivity of animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 119
- Pictures of goat breeds
- Digital devices
- Live goats if available
- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 122
- Charts showing economic benefits
- Resource person

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Forms of inhumane treatment of animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify forms of inhumane treatment of animals in the community
- Explain how inhumane treatment affects animal productivity
- Relate proper animal handling to improved milk yields, weight gain and overall farm profitability

- Discuss inhumane treatment such as beating, poor restraining, inappropriate castration and overloading
- Analyse how inhumane treatment affects animal productivity
- Observe pictures showing inhumane treatment of animals

How does handling of animals affect their production and productivity?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 126
- Pictures showing inhumane treatment
- Digital devices
- Video clips on animal handling

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Structures used to safely handle domestic animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe structures used for safe handling of domestic animals
- Explain how each structure ensures safety during animal handling
- Link structure design to specific animal management practices like vaccination, spraying or milking

- Use digital resources to observe crush pens, holding yards, raceways and farrowing crates
- Discuss how milking stalls and squeeze chutes ensure safety
- Draw and label structures used for animal handling

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 129
- Pictures of animal handling structures
- Digital devices
- Video clips showing structures in use

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Ways of ensuring safety of persons handling animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain ways of ensuring safety of persons handling domestic animals
- Demonstrate correct positioning when handling animals
- Apply safety knowledge to prevent injuries when working with livestock at home or school

- Discuss appropriate methods of restraining animals
- Practise correct positioning when approaching animals
- Demonstrate holding appropriate parts of animals
- Discuss importance of maintaining safe distance

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 131
- Restraining equipment (ropes, halters)
- Protective clothing
- Docile animals for demonstration

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Practical safe handling of domestic animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Handle docile animals using safe methods
- Apply appropriate restraining techniques
- Use learned handling skills to assist in routine animal management activities

- Wear protective clothing before handling animals
- Practise restraining animals using appropriate methods
- Demonstrate correct approach and positioning
- Handle docile animals under guidance of stockman

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 131
- Protective clothing
- Restraining equipment
- Docile animals
- School farm

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Promoting safety of domestic animals in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Create promotional materials on animal safety
- Develop talking points for promoting animal welfare
- Use knowledge to advocate for humane animal treatment in the local community

- Write talking points for promoting safety of animals
- Create posters showing safe ways of handling animals
- Discuss how animal safety can be improved in the community

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 133
- Manila paper
- Marker pens
- Colouring materials
- Digital camera

- Project assessment - Observation - Oral presentations

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Excursion to observe animal handling practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Observe animal handling practices in the community
- Document safe and unsafe handling practices
- Apply observations to recommend improvements in animal handling at school or home

- Visit nearby farms to observe animal handling
- Take photographs of safe animal handling techniques
- Discuss observations with classmates
- Share experiences after the excursion

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 133
- Notebooks and pens
- Smartphones or cameras
- Protective clothing

- Written reports - Oral presentations - Observation

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Benefits of keeping animals healthy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain benefits of keeping animals healthy in livestock production
- Describe how animal health affects productivity
- Connect animal health practices to higher profits and sustainable farming

- Use digital devices to search for information on benefits of healthy animals
- Discuss how healthy animals produce quality products
- Explain how healthy animals fetch high market prices

How is animal health important in animal production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 135
- Digital devices
- Charts showing benefits of healthy animals
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Class discussions

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Signs of normal health in livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify signs of normal health in livestock
- Describe characteristics of healthy animals
- Apply knowledge to quickly identify healthy animals when purchasing livestock

- Observe healthy animals in school farm or nearby farm
- Discuss signs of normal health such as alertness, good appetite and smooth coat
- Record observations on healthy animal characteristics

How is animal health important in animal production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 136
- Healthy animals for observation
- Charts showing signs of health
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Signs of normal health in livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify signs of normal health in livestock
- Describe characteristics of healthy animals
- Apply knowledge to quickly identify healthy animals when purchasing livestock

- Observe healthy animals in school farm or nearby farm
- Discuss signs of normal health such as alertness, good appetite and smooth coat
- Record observations on healthy animal characteristics

How is animal health important in animal production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 136
- Healthy animals for observation
- Charts showing signs of health
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Signs of ill health in livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify signs of ill health in livestock
- Compare signs of ill health and normal health
- Use knowledge to detect sick animals early for timely treatment and prevention of disease spread

- Discuss with a resource person signs of ill health in animals
- Compare characteristics of sick and healthy animals
- Observe pictures and videos showing sick animals

How is animal health important in animal production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 136
- Pictures of sick animals
- Digital devices
- Resource person (veterinarian)

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Class discussions

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Preventive control measures against ill health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain preventive control measures against ill health in livestock
- Describe proper housing and sanitation practices
- Apply preventive measures to maintain healthy animals and reduce veterinary costs

- Discuss preventive measures such as proper housing, sanitation and proper feeding
- Explain importance of vaccination and prophylaxis
- Discuss quarantine and its importance

What measures can be used to prevent animal diseases?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 137
- Pictures showing control measures
- Digital devices
- Charts on disease prevention

- Oral questions - Written tests - Class discussions

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Curative control measures against ill health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe curative control measures against ill health
- Explain isolation and treatment of sick animals
- Connect timely treatment to reduced mortality and maintained productivity

- Discuss isolation and treatment of sick animals
- Explain dipping, spraying and drenching as control measures
- Discuss importance of culling in disease control

What measures can be used to prevent animal diseases?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 139
- Pictures showing treatment procedures
- Digital devices
- Sample drugs and equipment

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Practical control measures in livestock production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out applicable control measures against ill health
- Practise sanitation in animal housing
- Apply disease control skills to maintain healthy animals in school or home enterprises

- Carry out cleaning and disinfecting of animal housing
- Practise proper feeding and watering of animals
- Assist in parasite control activities
- Record health management activities

What measures can be used to prevent animal diseases?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 140
- Cleaning equipment
- Disinfectants
- School farm animals
- Protective clothing

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written reports

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Keeping animal health records

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain importance of keeping animal health records
- Design simple health record templates
- Use health records to track animal welfare and plan disease prevention activities

- Discuss types of health records (vaccination, treatment, deworming)
- Design simple health record templates
- Practise recording health management activities

What measures can be used to prevent animal diseases?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 140
- Sample health record templates
- Exercise books
- Digital devices

- Written assignments - Practical assessment - Observation

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Zoonotic diseases and public health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the concept of zoonotic diseases
- Identify common zoonotic diseases from livestock
- Apply knowledge to protect family members and community from animal-transmitted diseases

- Discuss diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans
- Explain how to prevent zoonotic diseases
- Discuss importance of reporting notifiable diseases

How is animal health important in animal production?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 140
- Charts on zoonotic diseases
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Written tests - Class discussions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Factors considered in siting an apiary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain factors to consider when siting an apiary
- Describe suitable locations for beehives
- Apply site selection knowledge to establish a productive apiary at school or home

- Discuss factors such as nearness to water and nectar sources
- Explain importance of shade and protection from wind
- Discuss why apiaries should be away from roads and homesteads

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 142
- Pictures of apiaries
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Types of hives used in beekeeping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe types of hives used in beekeeping
- Compare traditional and modern hives
- Select appropriate hive types based on available resources and production goals

- Study pictures of traditional hives (logs, baskets, gourds)
- Discuss Kenya Top Bar Hive and Langstroth hive
- Compare advantages of different hive types

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 144
- Pictures of different hives
- Actual hives or models
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Animal Production

Beekeeping - The process of stocking a hive

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the process of stocking a hive with bees
- Explain methods of attracting bees to a hive
- Apply stocking techniques to establish a bee colony

- Use digital resources to search for information on stocking hives
- Discuss methods such as using swarm nets and catcher boxes
- Explain how to attract bees using aromatic substances

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 146
- Pictures showing hive stocking
- Digital devices
- Swarm net model

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Class discussions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Safe apiary management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe safe apiary management practices
- Explain how to control predators and pests in an apiary
- Apply management practices to maintain productive bee colonies

- Discuss providing water and flowering plants for bees
- Explain controlling predators like honey badgers and ants
- Discuss importance of timely harvesting and hive maintenance

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 147
- Pictures showing apiary management
- Digital devices
- Beekeeping equipment

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Safe apiary management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe safe apiary management practices
- Explain how to control predators and pests in an apiary
- Apply management practices to maintain productive bee colonies

- Discuss providing water and flowering plants for bees
- Explain controlling predators like honey badgers and ants
- Discuss importance of timely harvesting and hive maintenance

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 147
- Pictures showing apiary management
- Digital devices
- Beekeeping equipment

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Carrying out safe apiary management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out safe apiary management practices
- Demonstrate proper use of beekeeping equipment
- Apply management skills to maintain a school or community apiary

- Wear protective gear (beekeeping suit)
- Practise providing water for bees
- Carry out predator and pest control activities
- Assist in cleaning and repairing hives

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 149
- Beekeeping suit
- Smoker and hive tool
- School apiary or model

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Unexpected behaviours of bees in a colony

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain causes of unexpected behaviours of bees
- Describe swarming, absconding and migration
- Apply knowledge to prevent bee colony losses through proper management

- Discuss causes of swarming in bee colonies
- Explain reasons for absconding and migration
- Discuss how to prevent unexpected behaviours through proper management

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 150
- Pictures showing bee swarming
- Digital devices
- Video clips on bee behaviour

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Class discussions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Honey harvesting equipment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify equipment used for harvesting honey
- Explain the use of each harvesting equipment
- Select appropriate equipment for safe and efficient honey harvesting

- Study honey harvesting equipment (smoker, hive tool, bee brush, protective gear)
- Discuss the use of each equipment
- Demonstrate handling of harvesting equipment

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 151
- Honey harvesting equipment
- Pictures of equipment
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Honey harvesting process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the process of harvesting honey
- Simulate honey harvesting from a bee hive
- Apply harvesting techniques to obtain quality honey without harming bees

- Discuss steps in honey harvesting process
- Use mockup activity to demonstrate honey harvesting
- Explain importance of harvesting only mature honey

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 152
- Model hive
- Harvesting equipment
- Video clips on honey harvesting

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Importance of beekeeping in the economy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of beekeeping to the economy
- Describe benefits of bee products to farmers
- Connect beekeeping to income generation, employment and environmental conservation

- Discuss how bees contribute to pollination
- Explain economic benefits of honey and beeswax
- Discuss employment opportunities in beekeeping
- Present on importance of beekeeping to the community

How are bees reared?

- Healthy Planet Agriculture pg. 154
- Samples of bee products
- Digital devices
- Charts on benefits of beekeeping

- Oral questions - Written tests - Class presentations