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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
|
Homeostasis.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define the concepts of internal environment and homeostasis. |
Exposition and discussion.
|
text book
|
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 97-98
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
|
The feedback mechanism.
The hypothalamus. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between positive and negative feedback and state their roles in maintaining the desirable point. To explain the role of hypothalamus in thermoregulation. |
Schematic representation of feedbacks.
Exposition and discussion. Exposition and detailed discussion. |
Chart-
Schematic diagram of feedback mechanism text book |
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 97-98
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
|
The skin and thermoregulation.
Blood vessels and their functions in thermo-regulation. Homeostatic behavioral activities. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of the skin in thermoregulation. To explain the adaptation of blood vessels and their function in thermo-regulation. To state and explain various homeostatic behavioral activities. |
Exposition and discussion.
Drawing schematic diagrams. Discussion on control of body temperature. Probing questions. |
text book
text book,video |
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98
|
|
| 2 | 4-5 |
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
CLASSIFICATION II |
Osmoregulation.
Blood sugar. Diabetes. Principles of classification of living organisms. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe water and salts balance in the body. To discuss effects of insufficient/ excess sugar in the blood. To explain regulation of blood sugar. To distinguish diabetes mellitus from diabetes inspidus. To identify simple symptoms of diabetes mellitus and diabetes inspidus. Explain the importance of classification of organisms. Discuss the general principles of classification. Identify major taxonomic units. |
Detailed discussion.
Probing questions. Topic review. Q/A: To review Classification I. Discussion of principles of classification of organisms. Q/A: Major taxonomic units. |
text book
Chart- Taxonomic units. |
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 100-101
KLB BK III. PP 1-2. CERTIFICATE PG 1 |
|
| 3 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Binomial Nomenclature.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a species. To explain features of a species. To explain principles of binomial nomenclature. |
Probing questions leading to definition of a species.
Give examples of breeds and varieties. Discuss the double- naming system and the underlying features. |
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms.
|
KLB BK III.P 2. CERTIFICATE PG 3
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Binomial Nomenclature.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a species. To explain features of a species. To explain principles of binomial nomenclature. |
Probing questions leading to definition of a species.
Give examples of breeds and varieties. Discuss the double- naming system and the underlying features. |
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms.
|
KLB BK III.P 2. CERTIFICATE PG 3
|
|
| 3 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Animal Kingdoms.
Kingdom Monera.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the five animal kingdoms. State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera. To identify and draw various bacteria. To explain how bacteria affect our lives. |
Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms. Drawing and labeling a bacterium. Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria. |
Chart- Types of bacteria
|
KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4
|
|
| 3 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Protoctista.
Organisms with varied forms. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista. To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista. To draw and label an amoeba, paramecium, spirogyra, e.t.c. |
Teacher leads in a discussion.
Drawing and labelling organisms with varied forms. |
chart
Wall charts. |
KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8 KLB BK III. P 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 9 |
|
| 4 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Organisms in pond water.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organisms in pond water. |
Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed. Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled. |
Microscope
Water dropper Pond water Glass slides. |
KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Fungi.
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi. To discuss economic importance of fungi. To state general characteristics of fungi. |
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms. |
Mushrooms,
Yeast, Bread mould. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
|
|
| 4 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Diagrams of Fungi.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label various fungi. |
Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi. |
Wall charts,
Bread mould, Yeast, Edible mushroom. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12
|
|
| 4 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Plantae.
General characteristics.
Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants. State general characteristics of Bryophyta. To draw and label external features of an identified Bryophyta. To identify features of Bryophyta. |
Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.
Teacher leads in a discussion. Students examine moss plant under a hand lens, then Draw and label the moss plant. |
Moss plant, Hand lens, Slide. |
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 14 |
|
| 5 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Pteridophyta.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes. To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern. To draw and label the fern. |
A live or preserved fern.
|
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15
|
|
| 5 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Spermatophyta.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16
|
|
| 5 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Features of Spermatophytes.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify features of spermatophytes. |
Class experiments: To examine a complete specimen of a bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.
|
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.
|
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16
|
|
| 5 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta.
Subdivision Angiospermaphyta. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of gymnospermatophyta. To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta. |
Detailed discussion.
Detailed discussion. Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16
KLB BK III. P 10. CERTIFICATE PG 16 |
|
| 6 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Monocotyledonae.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Monocotyledonae. |
Class experiments: Examine maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Discuss external features of the plants. |
Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
|
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
|
|
| 6 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Dicotyledonae.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Dicotyledonae. |
Class experiments: Examine external features of bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
Discuss their external features. |
Bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
|
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
|
|
| 6 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Animalia.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of kingdom Animalia. |
Q/A: To review general characteristics of animals as compared to those of plants.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 18
|
|
| 6 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Phyllum Arthropoda.
Class Crustacea. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Arthropoda. To list down external features of a crab/ crayfish. |
Q/A: General characteristics of Arthropoda.
Examine preserved specimens of a crab/ crayfish and identify external features. Draw and label diagrams. Discuss their general characteristics. |
Specimens of a crab/ crayfish. |
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 19
KLB BK III. P 13. CERTIFICATE PG 21 |
|
| 7 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Chilopoda.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a centipede. |
Examine a centipede.
Draw and label a centipede. Discuss general characteristics of Chilopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia. |
A centipede.
|
KLB BK III. P 14. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 7 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Diplopoda.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede. |
Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede. Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia. |
A milipede.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 7 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Arachnida.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of mites, spiders, scorpions, ticks. |
Examine specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Q/A: Differences between arachnids and members of other classes. Discuss general characteristics of Arachnida. |
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 7 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Insecta.
Phyllum Chordata. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of common insects. To identify general characteristics of chordates. |
Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c.
List down general characteristics of insecta. Discuss economic importance of insects. Q/A: Identify classes of phylum chordata. Discussion: characteristics of chordates. |
Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21
KLB BK III. PP 16-18. CERTIFICATE PG 22 |
|
| 8 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Pisces.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label external features of a (tilapia) fish. |
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts pertaining to characteristics of fish.
|
Chart tilapia fish.
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
|
|
| 8 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Amphibia.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog. |
Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.
|
Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23
|
|
| 8-9 |
Midterm |
|||||||
| 9 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Reptilia.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia. |
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia. |
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24
|
|
| 9 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Aves.
Class Mammalia. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of aves. To state general characteristics of Mammalia. |
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia. Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc. |
Chart- Diagrams of birds.
Diagrams of various mammals. |
KLB BK III. P 19. CERTIFICATE PG 24
KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG 25 |
|
| 10 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Dichotomous key.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key. |
Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 10 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Dichotomous key.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key. |
Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 10 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Features for identifying animals / plants.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list identification features for animals/ plants. |
Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 10 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Examples of dichotomous keys.
Construction of dichotomous keys. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct dichotomous keys using leaves, stems, e.t.c. To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps. To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens. To construct own dichotomous key. |
Teacher leads through constructed dichotomous keys.
Supervised exercise. Written exercise. Exercise review. |
Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.
Plants from different families. Different plant species. |
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG28
KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30 |
|
| 11 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Concepts of ecology.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between autecology and synecology. Define various concepts used in ecology. |
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts and explains their underlying meanings. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 33 CERTIFICATE PG36
|
|
| 11 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
Abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. |
Detailed discussion of effect of light, temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, salinity, pH on distribution of organisms.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG38
|
|
| 11 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Measuring abiotic factors.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To measure abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. |
Group activities- Measuring temperature, humidity, pH.
Answering related questions. |
Thermometers
pH meter e.t.c. |
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG39
|
|
| 11 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Biotic inter-relationships.
- Competition.
- Predation. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between intraspecific and interspecific competition. To interpret graphs representing competition between two species. To define an ecological niche and a habitat. To define a predator and a prey. To describe adaptive characteristics of various predators. |
Teacher exposes new concepts.
Teacher leads in interpreting graphs showing competition. Q/A: Deductions from graphs. Q/A: Pairs of predators and preys. Discussion: Adaptive characteristics of leopards, hawks, praying mantis, lions, e.t.c |
Chart , graphs.
text book |
KLB BK III. P 35. CERTIFICATE PG 50
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 51 |
|
| 12 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
- Parasitism.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To distinguish parasitism from predation. To differentiate between endoparasites and ectoparasites. To identify adaptive features of parasites. |
Q/A: Pairs of parasites and hosts.
Examine specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites. Discuss economic importance of parasites. |
Specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites.
|
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 53
|
|
| 12 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
- Symbiosis and Saprophytism.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define symbiosis and saprophytism. To explain economic importance of symbiosis and saprophytism. |
Detailed discussion.
Examples of symbiants and saprophytic organisms. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 38. CERTIFICATE PG 57
|
|
| 12 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
The Nitrogen cycle.
|
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the nitrogen cycle. Explain importance of micro-organisms in root nodules of plants. |
Discuss flow chart of nitrogen cycle.
|
Chart-Nitrogen cycle.
|
KLB BK III. PP 40-41. CERTIFICATE PG58
|
|
| 12 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Trophic levels.
Food chains. Food webs. |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various trophic levels occupied by organisms. To describe energy flow in an ecosystem. To define a food chain. To give examples of food chains. To identify trophic levels of organism(s) in a food chain. To interpret food webs. |
Q/A: To review photosynthesis; carnivores, herbivores,
Discuss trophic levels in an ecosystem. Teacher gives an illustration of a food chain; then gives specific examples. Q/A: Trophic levels of organisms in a food chain. Teacher illustrates a food web in a given habitat. Emphasis is laid on direction of arrows. Answer questions derived from food webs. |
Flow chart- Energy flow in an ecosystem.
chart charts |
KLB BK III. PP 40-42 CERTIFICATE PG 43
KLB BK III. P 42. CERTIFICATE PG46 |
|
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